Jordan University of Science and
Technology
Deanship of Research
Funded
Research
(1999 & 2000)
January 2001
INTRODUCTION
A Royal decree
was issued on September 1, 1986 establishing the Jordan University of Science
and Technology (JUST) as an autonomous national institute for higher education.
It is located at 20 km to the east of Irbid, the second city in Jordan, and 80
km to the north of Amman, the capital. The area of its campus is about 11000
dunums with buildings that were constructed according to the latest
architectural designs appropriate to the nature of its scientific faculties.
The size of its campus reflects Jordan educational and research ambitions in
the various fields of science and technology. Since its foundation the university
has witnessed continuous growth in all aspects. The number of its faculties
rose from five to eleven, i.e. Engineering, Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy,
Nursing, Agriculture, Science and Arts, Veterinary Medicine, Computer and
Information Technology, Applied Medical Sciences, and Graduate Studies. In
addition, the university has the Deanships of Research and Student Affairs.
Also there was a great increase in number of enrolled students which rose from
2300 in 1986 to reach 12000 in 2000/2001. Similarly, the number of the faculty
members rose from 110 when the university was founded to reach 550 at the
present. The University has 130 scholars still studying for doctorate degrees
in various specializations. The university awards B.Sc. degrees in 36 programs,
and graduate degrees in 56 different programs (Diploma, High Specialization,
M.Sc., and Ph.D.).
Research plays
a basic role in the mission of the university. We believe that the university
is an institution not only for training young men and women; but also for
developing, disseminating, and applying science and knowledge in order to
improve in one way or another the quality of life of the people. This can only
be achieved through research. Therefore; research is considered an integral
part of the development plans of Jordan. We look at research as a major goal of
academia and achievements in this area are extremely important. Only through
research, the improvement of the academic standards of the university’s faculty
members and the international recognition of the university can be
accomplished. The deanship of research is in charge of sponsoring, managing,
and coordinating research activities conducted by the university faculty
members. The major goals of the deanship are:
1- Encouraging researchers to address problems
that are of priority to the developmental needs of Jordan.
2- Providing needed services and advanced
laboratory facilities for research.
3- Attracting research funds from different
outside sources for research projects.
4- Building relations of cooperation and exchange
of expertise with research institutions and centers at home and abroad.
5- Patenting inventions and their registration in
order to protect the rights of the university and the researchers.
This volume
introduces the research activities at JUST to national and international
agencies. It includes the abstracts of the funded research during the year 2000
and a list of the funded research titles for the year 1999. Also included two
figures that show the number of funded research projects and budget allocated
for research during the period from 1987 to 2000. We hope that this volume
reflects the commitment and aspiration of our faculty members to research.
Deanship of Research
January 2001
Abstracts
for Funded Research
During the Year 2000
Faculty of Engineering
Theoretical & Experimental Study of
Separation of Alcohol-Water Mixture by Molecular Sieve
Hussein Allabon, Fahmi Abu Alrub, and
Ammar Eisa
Project No.: 18/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2900 JD
ABSTRACT
Separation of
alcohol – water vapor mixtures by adsorption of water vapor on molecular sieves
will be investigated. The effects of liquid composition, mass of molecular
sieves, alcohol – water vapor flow rate, and pore size on the efficiency of
separation will be studied.
A mathematical
model that describes the adsorption process will be formulated and solved for
each alcohol water mixture and the results will be compared with the
experimental ones.
Information System of Progress Evaluation of Public Project in
Jordan
Abdalla Qudah, and Hussien AL Battaineh
Project No.: 22/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1150 JD
ABSTRACT
An information
system for progress evaluation of projects was developed. The system includes a
relational database of contractors, consultants, general and periodic progress
information of public projects in Jordan. The system includes a list of all
classified contractors and consultants and their classification. The system
provides mangers and decision-makers with the progress curves and progress parameters
needed to identify and assess the extent of delay and cost overrun of a
particular project as well as of group of projects of common characteristics.
The information system was used to evaluate the progress of public building and
road projects. The evaluation is based on planned and actual progress data of
164 buildings and 28 roads constructed during the period of 1996 – 2000. The
evaluation aimed at identifying the different factors and characteristics
associated with projects that have encountered extensive delays and cost
overrun. The project characteristics considered in the evaluation were: (1)
contract duration; (2) contract value; (3) project location; (4) contractor
classification; (5) type of consultant; and (6) source of funding. The results
of the progress evaluation were: (1) public projects, specially roads, suffered
from extensive delay and cost overrun: the respective average time and cost
growths were 60.45% and 12.45% for road projects, and 20.32% and 3.93% for
buildings; (2) the higher the contract value and contract duration the less the
time and the cost growths; (3) international financing improves the cost
performance but has negative effect on time performance; (4) projects consulted
by private firm has less cost growth but more time growth than projects
consulted by public consultants.
Remote Sensing and GIS-Assisted
Modeling of Soil Induced
Erosion Hazards: A Case Study in the North & Northwest
of Jordan
Abdallah I.Malkawi, and Nezar A.
Hammouri
Project No.: 29/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1300 JD
ABSTRACT
Soil erosion is
considered as a major problem that restricts and reduces the use of
agricultural lands. The problem has a significant impact in arid and semi-arid
environments, commonly regions where quantitative information on erosion rates
is severely lacking. In Jordan, the agricultural lands are mainly located in
the northern and western parts of Jordan. These lands, which represent only
(5%) of Jordan, are the only source crops, therefore, the soil erosion is
considered as severe problem in Jordan.
The following
objectives are expected to be achieved during this study:
-
Estimating erosion impact in the north
and north-west of Jordan using GIS and Remote Sensing Analysis.
-
Estimating soil erosion parameters for
Jordan
-
Optimizing land use and prevention
procedure for sustained soil and land use.
-
Simulation human activities impact on
landscape process.
Behavior of Extended End Plate for Beam – to – Column
Connection
Khairedin M. Abdalla, G. Abu-Farsakh,
and S. Barakat
Project No.: 30/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5000 JD
ABSTRACT
The research
project will describes an experimental investigation into the structural
behavior of flexible end plate beam–to–column connections. A series of tests on
a variety of beams-to-column joints will be tested under gradually increasing
static loads. An optical technique will be adopted for the measurement of
rotations of the beam and the column. The moment rotation characteristic is the
most important influence on the response of members or frames. A review is made
of all available test data.
Multiobjective Reliability-Based Optimization of Prestressed
Concrete Girder Bridges
Samer Barakat, and Mohammed Qahtan
Project No.: 33/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1950 JD
ABSTRACT
A comprehensive
study on the optimal probabilistic design of prestressed concrete beams (PCB)
is presented. The Feasible Direction Method is used to obtain a set of optimal
geometrical dimensions of asymmetrical I-beam cross section, and amount of
prestressing steel. The bonded tendon type is considered in application of
post-tensioned beam with a single duct of parabolic shape. Many parameters were
analyzed including the effect of span length considering different loading
cases. The performance constraints in the deterministic approach, according to
the ACI 318/95 Building Code provisions, are based upon the flexural stresses,
the prestressing losses, the ultimate shear strength, the ultimate moment
capacity of the section with respect to cracking moment and factored loads, the
crack width, the immediate deflection and the long term deflection. A practical
and efficient reliability based-structural optimization (RBSO) approach is
conducted to design PCB. The solution is obtained using an optimization-based
program linked to a reliability analysis program. In this program, the first
order second moment reliability method for the aforementioned components and
systems is employed. Material properties, loading and models used to predict
structural behavior at all stages, are treated as random variables. An approach
of single objective RBSO (SORBO) of PCB to minimize the overall cost of the
beam in terms of concrete, prestressing steel, mild steel and formwork is given
by a one-point solution. This solution does not provide enough information for
decision making in the design process. Hence, the multiobjective
reliability-based optimization (MORBO) of PCB is shown to be practically
feasible and more beneficial than SORBO. An algorithm to handle uncertainty in
MORBO problems considering the -constraint method is used and the
Pareto optimum solutions are obtained. Secondary and tertiary competing
objective functions have been simultaneously applied for both minimizing the
overall cost and the long term deflection, as well as maximizing; the system
reliability index, the reliability of flexural strength capacity, and the
reliability of tensile stress at service stage. The probabilistic designs are
performed using two types of target reliability index. As a result of MORBO
solutions, the design charts and their interaction curves are developed. These
charts can be used by the designers in selecting the best-desired solutions.
Modeling of Turning Process
Fikri Dweiri, Mohammed Hayajneh, and
Wafa' Bataineh
Project No.: 34/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1620 JD
ABSTRACT
This thesis
proposes a new three-dimensional cutting process model. The basic features and
improvements over previously developed models include: (1) cutting force
calculations based on the concept of equivalent orthogonal cutting process
(EOC), which converts the modeling of three dimensional cutting process into
the modeling of orthogonal cutting processes. In the model, both cutting force
coefficient and chip load are considered as functions of cutting conditions,
tool geometry, machine-tool structural vibrations. (2) microstructure hardness
variation of work piece material has been taken into consideration. (3) the
regenerative mechanism and mode coupling effect in machining are included. The
structural dynamics equations, which include five vibration modes, are in the
form of a set of simultaneous different equations. The forth-order Runge-Kutta
method is applied to solve these equations numerically. Based on the proposed
model, systematic simulation of turning processes has been conducted. The simulation
results show the relation between the cutting force and surface finish (output
of the process) and the feed, spindle speed, depth cut, nose radius, rake and
lead angles (the input parameters of the process). The simulation results of
surface finish and cutting force are verified experimentally. The simulated
surface finish and cutting force are in agreement with the experimental
results.
Using MODFLOW and MT3D Groundwater Flow and Transport Models
as a Management Tool for the Azraq Groundwater System)
Mohanned Al-Sheriadeh, Yahia Majali,
and Randeh Hatamleh
Project No.: 35/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1850 JD
ABSTRACT
The present
research is intended to manage the withdrawal of groundwater from Azraq Field
without the danger of water being depleted or threatened by salinity intrusion
into the freshwater. The work methodology stems mainly on models simulation, by
the which the groundwater flow and constituents transport are first studied and
physically captured. Once completed, management options will be investigated on
the basis of scenario simulation to find out the best alternative which
groundwater system sustainability.
Effect of Soil-Water Separation Techniques on the Adsorption
Characteristics of Bacteria Onto Soil
Munjed Al-Sharif, Jamal Abu-Ashour, and
Samah Sami
Project No.: 36/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2850 JD
ABSTRACT
A suite of
laboratory batch experiments using a tracer bacterium, nalidixic acid-resistant
Escherichia coli (E.coli NAR), were used to study the effect of
three soil-water separation techniques on determining the adsorption
characteristics of bacteria onto soil. The used techniques are: centrifugation,
sedimentation, and filtration. For each method of separation three types of
adsorption isotherms were examined to investigate the applicable isotherm. They
are: linear, Langmuir, and Freundlich isotherm.
Results showed that, the used biotracer
survive well in soil and water for 7 days Period. The partitioning of E.coil
NAR with the used loamy soil was controlled by an equilibrium model. The
Equilibrium State was reached after 1-hr mixing. Linear isotherm applied to the
different separation techniques can best describes the adsorption of E.coli
NAR onto soil for the used range of E. coli NAR concentration.
Filtration technique provides the highest effect in biotracer retardation,
water-soil separation and hence the adsorption of E.coli NAR per unit
mass of soil. Whereas, gravity settling of E. coli NAR was not
significant when they are present in water, and gives the lowest amount of biotracer
adsorption.
Retention of Selected Heavy Metals on Clayey Soils from
Irbid Region
Munjed Al-Sharif, and Ruba A. Al-Zoubi
Project No.: 37/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1550 JD
ABSTRACT
The removal of
some heavy metals; namely, zinc and cadmium, from aqueous solutions through
retention on soil is investigated. A series of laboratory column and batch
experiments were conducted with soil from the Irbid region in order to study
the retention characteristics. The effect of metal concentration, metal type,
and soil clay content is observed and, eventually, used to establish a
relationship between the retention of heavy metals in soil and the previously
mentioned factors. The developed relationships provide useful tools for an
understanding of the retention of heavy metals in Irbid soil under various
conditions.
Since trace
elements could be toxic, mutagenic, or teratogenic when introduced to human
body, bio-systems, or environment. This work could contribute towards finding a
method of removal of such elements, and so in providing a safe water supply.
Results has
shown a high potential of Irbid soil to retain zinc and cadmium under different
influent concentrations and clay content.
Proposed Pavement Design Models for Jordan
Fouad Gharaybeh, and Amani Al-Motairi
Project No.: 38/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1370 JD
ABSTRACT
The aim of this
research is to produce special design models and charts pertinent to Jordan.
These models should be simple, easy to use, consider the Jordanian material and
climate and valid for all types of roads.
These
objectives will be achieved through recognition of the parameters in the
original American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
(AASHTO) design models, characterization of the Jordanian pavement material and
environmental conditions, plug in fixed values for some of the parameters used
in the original models and eliminate some of the variables, production of new
developed models with the least number of variables and drawing design charts
for each road category used in Jordan.
Heavy Metals Distribution and Microbial Profile In Zarqa
River Water and Sediments
Munjed Al-Sharif, Moh'd Nuseer, and
Abed Salam Qublan
Project No.: 39/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1700 JD
ABSTRACT
This research
was aimed at studying the distribution of heavy metals including Cd, Cr, Zn,
Pb, and Cu in Zarqa river water and sediment. Water and sediment samples were
collected along the river from King Talal dam to Amman during February and May
2000,and the frequency of the sampling is monthly.
The results
indicate that the concentrations of heavy metals are below the values
recommended by Jordanian standards for irrigation water except Cr and Cd in the
dam and Jerash area. The concentration of heavy metals in the river sediment is
greater about by about 1000 times relative to that in water demonstrate the
importance of suspended matter as transport pathway for the metals. The most
contaminated area is located in Russiefa area within industry region and at the
confluence of the river with wastewater treatment plants.
Also, the
densities of total coliforms, salmonella, shigella, giardia lambila and
entamoeba histolytica in the river are studied, the result showed that the
river water contain high densities of coliforms and other bacteria and no contains
either giardia or entamoeba. The variation of densities of bacteria refers to
the point and nonpoint source source of pollution associated within the basin
of the Zarqa River. Also these result indicate that the Samra and Jarash
wastewater treatment plant are the major source of pollution in the river.
Simulation of Variables that Influence Spray Distribution
and Drift
Adnan I. Khdair, and Lau’y Zeatoun
Project No: 40/2000
Amount of Fund: 4970 JD
ABSTRACT
The objectives
of this research is to assist in the development of equipment and selection of
operating conditions to maximize the pesticide deposit on the target and
minimize the spray drift by studying the effects of several variables on spray
distributions and drift distances of spray droplets using laboratory test and a
computational fluid dynamics computer program (CFD) “FLUENT”. The simulation
variables include: operating pressure (1 to 30 bar), droplet size (10 to 2000 mm), wind velocity (0.50 to 10
m/s), initial droplet velocity (0-50 m/s), discharge height (0.25 to 4 m),
temperature (10 to 30 C), relative humidity (10 to 100%), and 20% turbulence
intensity.
A Study on the Safety Factor of Slopes Using Limiting
Equilibrium Approach
Abdallah 1.Husein Malkawi, and Tamara
Mubeideen.
Project No.: 41/2000 Amount of
Found: 1200 JD
ABSTRACT
Locating the
critical slip surface and the associated minimum factor of safety are two
complementary parts in analyzing the stability of slopes. Recently, a large
number of computer programs have been developed to solve slope stability
problems. However, most of them have used inefficient and unreliable search
procedures to locate the global minimum factor of safety. The main objectives
of this research are:
1. The SAS-MCT program will be used to study the
effect of number of slices on the determination of the factor of safety of the
slope. Circular and non-circular slip surfaces will be considered. In case of
non-circular slip surfaces different vertices will be considered.
2. The SAS-MCT program will be used to study the
use of different limiting equilibrium methods for the safety factor. This will
cover various method of stability as Fellenius (1936), Bishop (1955), Janbu
(1954,1973), Moregenstern-Price (1965), and Spencer (1967).
3. Various optimization search methods will be
considered to determine the most effective among them. These are grid method,
Jumping method and random walking method.
NOx Reduction in Acoustically Enhanced Combustion
Ghassan Tashtoush, and Mohamed
Abu-Qudais
Project No.: 55/2000 Amount of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
NOx
is recognized as a fundamental component of the ground level ozone problem.
Since 1970’s the Utility Industry has been faces with grater pressure from the
EPA to reduce the flue gas emissions of SO2 and NOx.
Currently in UK, there are limits on the NOx Concentration in the
utility-boiler flue gas which are set at 650 mg /Nm3.NOx emission
have been reduced on a steady basis by improving the different elements of the
combustion process, by installing low NOx burners. The industry has
consistently tried to find ways by which NOx reduction can be
achieved, relatively inexpensive, and with the new Ozone Season limits, it is
becoming more of a requirement.
The objective
of this study is to seek a new technology in order to replace a flue gas reburn
technology which has been used in order to control nitrogen oxides pollutant
emitted from the power plants. The flue gas reburn system consists of a
recirculation unit which is effective in reducing the formation of NOx
pollutants but expensive in building and maintaining the system. The proposed
study will investigate a possible alternative means to achieve the same or even
better effectiveness in reducing the NOx pollutants with much less
cost.
Artificial Neural Network Based Method for Classification,
Identification, Assessment and Performance Prediction of Pre-earthquakes and
Post-earthquakes Structures
Khaldoon Bani-Hani, and Samer Barakat
Project No.: 57/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2200 JD
ABSTRACT
The
post-earthquake performance of structural systems is tightly related to prior
knowledge of the structural characteristics as well as their performance
history and pre-earthquake responses. The future stability and reliability of
structures and their capabilities of static and dynamic resistance to external
loadings depend on the accuracy of the dynamic system models used in analysis,
design and construction. Additionally, for existing structures, handy response
history and performance records describing the structural response under different
environmental loads, such as strong earthquakes, blast waves and wind forces
are of great importance to verify, identify, classify and predict the
structural performance and sustainability. This study discusses the possibility
of introducing a new neural network based method to classify, identify
and predict the performance of structures. A comprehensive study is to be
conducted in an effort to verify the stability and reliability of recently
post-earthquake structures and the future performance of those structures and
the new structures. Besides, structures are expected to be classified in
several rated categories, according to their importance, strength,
geometry, damage resistance, crack developments, crack
patterns, yielding, ductility, material properties and
their future vulnerability for earthquakes resistance and structural
collapse.
Capital Budgeting of Municipal Projects
Abdalla Qudah
Project No.: 60/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2700 JD
ABSTRACT
Due to scarce
financial resources and improper planning and capital budgeting, most
Municipalities in Jordan face financial problems thus imparting their abilities
to deliver vital community services. Proper planning and capital budgeting
becomes more important as the demands on public services increase at a much
steeper rate than the increase in financial resources. This problem reduces to
a special problem of proper planning and allocation of limited resources to
achieve maximum value of public services and projects over a limited planning
horizon.
This research
aims at developing a capital budgeting system that addresses the planning and
capital budgeting problems faced by many municipalities and other public
agencies in a systematic approach. The system plans for services and
infrastructure projects as well as for income-generating projects and
investments. The system requires the decision makers to assign priorities among
the planned projects and services. Taking the set priorities and the projected
cash flow for each project or service, the projected capital budget over the
planning horizon, and the rates of discounts on investments and loans as input,
the system generates a feasible schedule of the planned services and projects
that maximizes the benefits without exceeding the municipality’s financial
capabilities.
The system is
implemented in an easy to use interactive computer program that utilizes a
search algorithm designed to schedule the high value services and projects as
early as possible. As a project is scheduled, either from available budget or
through a loan, the capital budget is updated according to the discounted
project’s and/or loan cash requirements. The updated budget is then checked
against the required cash of another project to determine the project’s
earliest possible start. This process is repeated until no further projects can
be scheduled within the planning horizon. This algorithm is repeated for
different combinations of services and projects. The combination that yields
the highest value is selected.
Self-Similar Fractality of Urban Growth Systems
Imad Al-hashimi, Abdil-Sahib Al-Azzawi,
and Hassan Abd Ali Abdul-Shaheed
Project No.: 63/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1700 JD
ABSTRACT
Fractal
Geometry is a mean to represent chaotic systems. It concerns with irregular
patterns made of parts that are in some way similar to the whole, e.g., twigs
and tree branches, a property called self-similarity or self-symmetry. There
are four main features of Fractal Geometry which are self-similarity,
hierarchy, irregularity and fractal (not-integer) dimensions.
Geometry is no
longer conceived in terms of straight lines (the Geometry of Euclid) but can
admit irregularity without abandoning continuity.
The city is a
mirror of society and culture. Its physical form is considered to be the
ultimate result of a multitude of social and economic processes constrained and
shaped by the geometry of the natural and man-made world. Cities growth imply
the same systematic order at each level of their hierarchy according to multi
fractal dimensions. The goal is to develop a mathematical tool to describe,
interpret and simulate reality.
Evaluation of Biomedical Wastes and Its Disposal Practices
in Irbid Hospitals
Wa'il E. Abu-El-Shar, Munjed M.
Al-Sharif, Attalla Rabi, and Mamdouh Allawzi
Project No.: 72/2000 Amount of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
The mounted
awareness of the negative impacts of the improper handling of medical wastes on
human health and the environment initiated interest in the local Jordanian
media which questioned the current medical waste disposal practices of 13
hospitals in Irbid region. In response, this study has been examining the
overall medical waste management practices of the targeted 13 hospitals with
emphasis on the generated volumes, handling, treatment, and disposal of the
"developer and fixer waste produced from the x-ray units at these
hospitals. Each hospital was visited and evaluated using a specially prepared
questionnaire that was filled with the participation of the designated personal
at every hospital. The questionnaire covered many aspects of hospital solid
waste management and disposal including: general information, specialty,
services, employees, size, departments, handling disposal and management of
clinical waste, staff and responsibilities, training and awareness, and external
management of clinical waste. To date, site visits of all hospitals have just
been completed and the collected data is in the process of analysis.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Multicomponent Ion
Exchange in Fluidized Bed
Fahmi Abu Al-Rub, and Hasan Mosa
Project No.: 73/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1650 JD
ABSTRACT
In this work,
the removal of different ions, such as copper and nickel from wastewater by ion
exchange in a liquid-solid fluidized bed is to be studied. The relative merits
of using ion exchange fluidized bed versus packed bed will be evaluated for the
studied ions.
A mathematical
model which combines an axial dispersion model with an equilibrium theory is to
be formulated for the multicomponent ion exchange in a fluidized bed.
Feasibility of Collecting Ambient Air Moisture by Forced
Condensation
Hamid Al-Jalil, Jumah Amayreh, and
Mohamad Al-Widyan
Project No.: 74/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2500 JD
ABSTRACT
In this
proposal, the potential and feasibility of collecting ambient air moisture and
converting it into a useful source of water is investigated. The quality of
this water resource is good and the quantity is theoretically unlimited. The
methodology of this research is to use a refrigeration system to cool specially
designed surfaces (dehumidifying units) to a temperature equal to or below the
dew temperature. As a result, air moisture in contact with the cooled surfaces
of the units will be forced to condense and then be collected for usage.
Necessary
sensors will be utilized to control the process by reporting the collected
water and ambient air conditions numerous times during the 24 hours of the day
by the aid of a data logger. This shall help determine the effect of ambient
conditions including mainly the relative humidity, temperature, …etc. on the
collection efficiency during the day. The eventual goal is to determine the
best times during the day and in different seasons for water collection.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Vapor-liquid Equilibria in Mixed
Aqueous-Organic Systems with Salts
Fawzi Banat, and Sameer Al-Asheh
Project No.: 77/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3800 JD
ABSTRACT
The ease of
components separation from a liquid mixture via distillation depends on the
vapor-liquid equilibrium characteristics of the liquid mixture. If an azeotrope
is encountered in distillation, its composition represents a limit to the
separation that can be achieved. Salt-effect distillation is a novel variation
on extractive distillation in which the “agent” added to the column to effect
the separation is a salt rather than a liquid. When a salt is added to a
mixture, the overall effect will be to increase the relative volatility and
probably shift the azeotropic point or even break it, if the salt is properly
selected. This work aims at studying the effect of different salts on the
vapor-liquid equilibrium of selected systems; in particular those systems that
can be separated by the membrane distillation process. Different thermodynamic
mathematical.
Treatment of Industrial Wastewater by Reverse Osmosis &
the Possibility of Usable Materials Recovery from the Wastewater Stream
Hani Abu Qdais
Project No.: 81/2000 Amount
of Fund: 6800 JD
ABSTRACT
A broad
spectrum of industrial wastewater (i.e. olive-oil, selfo-chemical, paint, dairy
industries) will be selected for the treatment in a specially designed and
fabricated laboratory scale reverse osmosis (RO) unit (see figure 1). The unit
will be run under a combination of various operational conditions such as, flow
rate, pressure, RO units arrangement (parallel and series) and recycling ratio,
with different quality parameters of the feed industrial wastewater, including
pH, temperature, and pollutants concentration.
The
concentration of the pollutants in the industrial wastewater samples will be
determined initially before being introduced into the RO unit, based on which,
proper pretreatment steps of the samples will be conducted. After that, the
industrial wastewater will be fed into the RO unit for treatment, and the
concentration of the pollutants will be measured in both the reject and
permeate water. The concentration estimations will be cross-checked by carrying
out a mass balance.
The methods and
techniques that will be utilized for concentration measurement, will depend on
the parameter of interest, and those will mainly include GC/MS,
spectrophotometry, BOD, and COD techniques. The data of each experiment will be
recorded and the reject ratio for each run to be calculated. The best
combination of operational conditions and quality parameters which gives higher
reject ratio will be determined for each industrial wastewater stream.
Recycled reject
Industrial
Permeate
Wastewater feeding
Legend
Pretreatment
process (activated carbon cartridge and pH adjustment)
High pressure pump
Reverse osmosis
module
Figure Shows a Block Diagram of the Reverse Osmosis
Treatment Unit
Environmental Impact Assessment of Road Construction
Projects
Hani Abu Qdais, and Saad Abu-Qudais
Project No.: 87/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
A methodology
to calibrate the environmental impacts of constructing or upgrading roads has
been provided. This methodology has been applied to upgrading
Unaizah-Shoubak-Wadi Mousa road in Jordan. This road connects the desert
highway to Petra. Which is considered one of the most significant archeological
sites in Jordan. To evaluate the possible environmental impacts of the proposed
road, three different construction alternatives were considered, screened and
analyzed. These alternatives were no action, rehabilitation of existing road,
and construction of new road. Analyzing the three alternatives showed that, the
second alternative was the best in terms of environmental and economical
impacts. Then the environmental impact of selected alternative has been evaluated
in terms of exploitation of raw materials, landscape disfigurement, sites of
historical, cultural, and archaeological, values pollution of water resources,
soil erosion, sedimentation, and tectonic stability, agricultural land take,
severance effect, building take, noise effect, vehicular emission, road
accidents, damage to existing infrastructure utilities, impact on local customs
and culture, and cumulative and induced impacts. Evaluation results indicated
that the most critical impact will be landscape disagurement along limited
length of the road, and limited number of buildings will be taken off. In
addition to noise and air pollution by engines emission will be significant,
especially during construction stage. On the other hand, accidents along the road
is expected to be significantly reduced. Finally, mitigation and compensation
techniques have been discussed for each impact, in an effort to solve the
conflict between upgrading the road and its effect on nature fragmentation
(environmental impact).
Constrained Motion Control Using Vector Potential Fields
Samer A. Masoud, and Ahmad A. Masoud
Project No.: 88/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
This paper
discusses the generation of a control signal that would instruct the actuators
of a robotics manipulator to drive motion along a safe and well-behaved path to
a desired target. The proposed concept of Navigation control along with the
tools necessary for its construction achieve this goal. The most significant
tool is the Artificial Vector Potential Field which shows a better ability to
steer motion than dose a scalar potential field. The synthesis procedure
emphasizes flexibility so that the effort needed to modify the control is
commensurate with the change in the geometry of the workspace. Theoretical
development along with simulation results are provided.
The Evaluative Image of the City A Case Study of Irbid City
Center
Ahmed Y. Al-Zoabi, and Amneh H.
AI-Zoubi
Project No.: 93/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2600 JD
ABSTRACT
The proposed
study is oriented toward studying the evaluative images of Irbid City Center in
order to provide some clear operational strategies to improve a city image
appropriate to its public through the process of shaping and reshaping of the
city.
This research
hypothesize that the professionals Vs public evaluative images of the city are
necessary components in improving the city image. A field survey will be used
to obtain these evaluative images of Irbid city center through in-person
interviews of the professionals (experts, architects, planners,.....) and the
public who experience the city using structured questionnaire with the help of
maps. The results of this study -as supposed, will enable us seeing the urban
environment in an evaluative manner-as seen by the research subjects, the
public who experience the city center and the professionals who are responsible
for the physical environment. This will give us a snapshot of the perceived
quality of the prominent features - as desired or undesired, which represent
the degree of satisfaction with the urban quality of the city, and the
different reasons (Meanings) associated with environmental characteristics. Add
that it will determine the component factors that go to build the image. All
these can provide basis for decision and Policy reasons in the time that such a
study can provide valid, reliable, and useful information for planning, design,
and management of desirable surroundings.
The Applicability of Sustainable City Paradigm to
Arabic-Islamic Cities: A Case Study of Jerusalem, Palestine
Ahmad Y. Al-Zoabi, and Ola M. Jarrar
Project No.: 94/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2400 JD
ABSTRACT
Making the world's villages,
towns and cities socially and economically sustainable is humanity's most
urgent challenge for the 21st century (Findlay, 1996). This issue has been the
focus of many researchers and several studies have been carried out in order to
establish a sustainable city model. Since this concept is highly contextual,
this study is concerned with the investigation of the applicability of
sustainable city paradigm to Arabic-Islamic cities in general and Jerusalem in
particular. Investigation is limited to one major theoretical area; city form
and two minor theoretical areas; street system, and land use.
Researchers
have suggested criteria, parameters and indicators for sustainable city model.
However, this research is intended to develop criteria, parameters and
indicators of the sustainable city form, street system and land use with
respect to local values and context of Jerusalem. Development of such criteria,
parameters and indicators could help to construct a sustainable Arabic-Islamic
City form model.
Modeling the Interaction between Shallow and Deep Aquifers
in Yarmouk Basin
Mohanned Al-Sheriadeh, Yahia Majali,
and Sa’ed Ayesh
Project No.: 96/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2200 JD
ABSTRACT
Westnorthern
Part of Yarmouk Basin Aquifer System is considered hydrogeologically
complicated by the fact that many faults exist and saline water of the deep
aquifers mixes with the fresh water of the shallow ones. The present research
is trying to resolve this problem by model simulation. In it the whole basin
was first studied and its physical state being understood. Next, the focus was
shifted to westnorthern part of the basin by telescoping meshing. At the end,
the interaction of the shallow and deep aquifers was quantified on the basis
that other factors were set appropriately.
Heritage Conservation and Islam
"A hermeneutical /critical approach"
Rami Daher, and Zain Khalaf
Project No.: 123/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1200 JD
ABSTRACT
The recent
noticeable popularity of heritage conservation within Islamic countries with
the inseparable excessive negative outcomes and heritage exploitation, evoked
the objective of this research which is to search the issue of heritage
conservation in such countries from an Islamic point of view in order to mold
rationales for heritage conservation and cultural continuity in Muslim
countries today. The research also proposes policies and practices for heritage
conservation projects within an Islamic milieu and out-looks (a document for
heritage conservation in Islamic countries).
This research
is exploratory in nature and is based on an inductive/ hermeneutical and
critical inquiry. The research will adopt a multi-method approach to inquiry in
order to increase the validity of the study. Methods will encompass
hermeneutics, and case studies. The research is of great philosophical and
practical importance since many heritage conservation projects are taking place
in Islamic countries but no serious research in the epistemology of heritage
conservation has been conducted to correctly address the question of
conservation in Islamic contexts.
Developing a Locale-Driven Methodology for Cultural Site
Management in Jordan
Rami Daher, and Mohammed Hussain
Project No.: 124/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1200 JD
ABSTRACT
Through the
last century, essence and consciousness of cultural heritage values and
significance, defined by historical cultural sites in Jordan, have been
experiencing limited and non-realistic management processes due to the absence
of a clear definition and proper identification of the values, dynamics, and
contexts that constitute each site's significance. Currently, many cultural
sites in Jordan, suffer from foreign and imported management policies that are
technically impractical, costly, and do not elicit enough local political
support to ensure implementation. In addition, most cultural resource
management projects and cultural site management endeavors are initiated by
foreign initiatives subject to global investment mechanisms and strategies.
Such financial mechanisms increase Jordan's dependency on foreign aids and
depts.
On the other
hand, local management strategies are aimed to achieve immediate solutions to what
is considered as urgent problems, however, this unplanned approach leads to ad
hoc decisions that result in unanticipated, negative consequences in the short
and long terms. Furthermore, achievement of cultural site management is also
challenged by the lack of successful funding strategies, which aim to impose
policies instead of practical and comprehensive decision making, considering
the conservation and protection of cultural resources. Most of these policies
are unsustainable to the local communities involved in such sites.
The objective
of this research is to develop a "locale-driven" methodology for
cultural site management in Jordan. The research hypothesizes that first; the
'locale' and place politics and dynamics should inform cultural site manage
strategies and policies. In addition, the research hypothesizes that current
financing mechanisms are impeding to development. New funding and financing
mechanisms should be developed that emerge from the community's local concept
of development.
The research
will accommodate two main methods within a phenomenological framework. The
first method will investigate previous cultural site management policies and
methods through international and regional case studies. The second method will
heavily be based on intensive fieldwork that will explore current cultural site
management processes in action at AlQastal Development and Conservation
Project, located at the Highway route to Queen Alia airport. The selection
criterion of this location is based on: first, the cultural, contextual,
historical significance and value they reflect, second, the evaluation of
management policies based on "realities" of the sites, considering
locale dynamics, values, and environmental condition.
Deformation Control of Rotating Shallow Caps With
Unconstrained Central Hole
Maki K. Rashid
Project No.: 125/2000 Amount
of Fund: 850 JD
ABSTRACT
Several
researchers considered the geometrical variations associated with the high
speed rotating objects that resulted from high internal mechanical stresses.
None of them considered a methodology for controlling such deformations in
rotating shallow shells. Conical and spherical shell geometies has no
flexibility in controlling deformation in such problems. Nevertheless,
combination of these geometries can give devastating results. Such work has
application in hybrid machines where the magnetic levitation of rotating
objects replaces the traditional bearings. In addition, the work would show how
to integrate the analysis, design, and, computer aided manufacturing in one
place by using the most recent techniques in this area. A constrained
parametric computer graphic would be used for the geometrical representation of
the shallow shell. Then a computer analysis should be carried to construct monograms
for deformation control of rotating shallow shells. In addition to the
geometrical combination layouts for the spherical and conical shells, nine
dimensionless groups related to material, inertia, and geometrical parameters
are to be investigated in this work.
Enhancement of Soil Physical Properties and Nutrient Content
by Composted Olive Cake
Faisal Qassem, Mohamad Al-Widyan, and
Hamid Al-Jalil
Project No.: 126/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1330 JD
ABSTRACT
In this
research project an attempt will be made to thoroughly investigate the
potential and feasibility of composting of the olive mills solid waste (olive
cake). It is a fact that this kind of waste is produced in large quantities in
Jordan and is undoubtedly the single most important agricultural residue in the
country. Composting is a biological process that stabilizes organic wastes and
converts the material into a useful and safe product. In particular, composting
characteristics and behavior of the material during composting will be examined.
The method of composting chosen for this work is the aerated static pile, which
minimizes the effort and labor required for mixing the compost pile ingredients
and allows for more control over the process.
The other major
aspect of this work involves the possibility of utilizing the final product
(olive cake compost) as a soil amendment. This includes specifically the effect
of adding and mixing the compost with the soil on the basic soil physical
properties such as bulk density, water holding capacity, infiltration rate,
…etc.
The Effects of Changing the constituents Weight Percentages
on the Properties of AL-Mg-Graphite Composites
Adel Mahmood Hassan, Mohammed Hayajneh,
and Mohammad Al-Omari
Project No.: 127/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1200 JD
ABSTRACT
Among the many
techniques available to synthesize metal matrix composites (MMCs),
solidification processes are particularly attractive due to their simplicity,
economy and flexibility. Aluminum-graphite composites have widely being
acknowledged as potential candidate materials for anti-friction applications.
The presence of graphite in Al-alloys ensures smooth functioning in surface
under the conditions of boundary lubrication and assist in improving the
friction and wear properties. However, in order to qualify the composite for
engineering applications, it is important that the addition of reinforcing
phase should also assist in improving some of the metal matrix properties. The
extreme importance of this subject has motivated this research. Thus, the main
objectives of the project are: (1) Designing a mixer to stir the molten metal
during casting. (2) Casting of AL-Mg-Graphite composites to produce the test
specimens for the present investigation. (3) Studying the effect of graphite,
Mg, AL weights percentages on some properties of AL-Mg-Graphite composite. (4)
Examining the effect of porosity on properties of the produced composite.
GIS as a Tool in Urban Design
Fuad Malkawi, and Mazen Kana'an
Project No.: 128/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4000 JD
ABSTRACT
Humans have
been using maps since the dawn of History. The Greeks, the Romans, and even the
Arabs, who were the leading cartographers during the Middle Ages, have always
realized the importance of improving mapping techniques to coop with the new
realities of the world. Nevertheless, the ways in which geographic information
were displayed remained, until recently, limited. New needs for more advanced
mapping techniques arose as societies became more developed; the building of
roads, canals, railways required the location of towns, lake etc. to be
accurately known. The development of electronic computers during the Second
World War and their spread for non-military uses in the 1950's lead to the
development of computer programs allowed the storage and manipulation of
geographic information. In the 1970's a new approach to organize geographic
information on computers, known as geographic information systems (GIS), that
revolutionized mapping appeared.
Although the
majority of GIS applications are concerned with mapping and surveying, it is
used for diverse computer based applications involving the capture,
manipulation, analysis and display of geographic information. For these
reasons, GIS is currently used heavily in many disciplines such as geography,
agriculture, environmental studies, forestry, geology, and civil engineering.
However, we find minimum utilization of the systems in urban design despite our
knowledge of their advantages. A current geographic information system includes
a wide range of programmed tools for spatial analysis such as spatial overlay,
network analysis or digital terrain modeling. Those various tools make the
system a practical tool in urban design models; i.e. land use analysis,
circulation pattern analysis, visual analysis, evaluating design proposals,
developing concepts at 3D dynamic level, etc. In this research I will
investigate those various applications that make GIS valuable for urban
designers.
The research
will be practical in its nature. The value of GIS to urban design will be explained
through a case study. I will take the city of Irbid as a case study using its
database to show how urban designers can benefit from GIS not only in
organizing and analyzing the data, but also in the synthesis phase and even the
design phase. Indeed, the research will show how a GIS can be utilized in any
step of the urban design process.
Traffic Delay at Roundabouts in Jordan
Bashar Al-Omari, Hashem Al-Masaeid, and
Yahia Al-Shawabkah
Project No.: 129/2001 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
Roundabouts are
widely used here in Jordan and in other parts of the world especially in Europe
and Australia. This is due to the many advantages roundabouts have over
conventional signalized and unsignalized intersections. Roundabouts are safer,
more efficient, and have higher capacity and less delay since entering drivers
for most of the time do not stop and adjust their speeds to take advantage of
approaching gaps in circulating traffic, particularly during off-peak periods.
A large number of studies have been conducted on the capacity of roundabouts,
however, less attention has been given to the traffic delay at roundabouts.
In this
research an effort will be made to develop models for estimating roundabout
delay as a function of the influencing factors such as the traffic volumes and
geometric conditions. The produced models can be used as tools for evaluating
the performance of roundabouts in Jordan.
The Effect of the Gas-Gap Formation Due to Shrinkage on the
Rate of Heat Transfer During Solidification
Osamah Haddad, Mohamad Al-Nimer, and
Mahmood Sliety
Project No.: 130/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1300 JD
ABSTRACT
The
solid-liquid phase change (melting or solidification) of multi- constituent
systems is important in many engineering applications, such as the making of
ice, the freezing of food, the solidification of castings and ingots, crystal
growth, welding, energy storage, etc.
Due to the
density difference between solid and liquid, liquid metal is subjected to
shrinkage and as a result a gas-gap may form. The gap forms at the interface
between the cast and the internal surface of the mold. This situation occurs
especially when the dimensions of the mold are respectively small.
The objectives
of the present study are: (1) To develop a mathematical model to investigate
the gas-gap formation process at the casting -mold interface of a cylindrical
casting, (2) To study the effect of the gas-gap on the rate of heat transfer
from the mold during solidification & (3) To investigate the heat transfer
coefficient between the casting and the mold.
Digital Image Compression Using Modified Vector Quantization
Algorithms
Hazem Al-Otum
Project No.: 131/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1100 JD
ABSTRACT
Spectacular
advances in technology have altered the related disciplines of computing and
telecommunications beyond all recognition. Great developments have been made in
the field of digital image coding. One of the most exciting techniques is the
Vector Quantization (VQ). Here, there is a lack in investigating different
topics related to encoding color images using VQ. Consequently, the expected
contributions of this research can be: 1) Investigation and designing of a
modified algorithm for codebook production that reduces the number of
iterations as well as the computational cost required for the coding process.
2) Investigation and designing new (or modified) algorithms for color image
coding that exploit the high correlation between the color components in the
color images.; and 3) Designing of a VQ codec (based on expected results in 1,2
&3) for different color image applications.
Soil Thermal Conductivity: Effects of Density, Moisture,
Salt Concentration and Organic Matter
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh & Randall C.
Reeder
Project No.: 132/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
The thermal
conductivity of soil under a given set of conditions is most important as it
relates to a soil’s microclimate. The effect of bulk density, moisture content,
salt concentration, and organic matter on the thermal conductivity of some
sieved and repacked Jordanian soils was investigated through laboratory
studies. These laboratory experiments used the single probe method to determine
thermal conductivity. For the soils studied, thermal conductivity increased
with increasing soil density and moisture content. Thermal conductivity ranged
from 0.58 to 1.94 for sand, from 0.19 to 1.12 for sandy loam, from 0.29 to 0.76
for loam, and from 0.36 to 0.69 W / m K for clay loam at densities from 1.23 to
1.59 g/cm3 and water contents from 1.4 to 21.2 %. The results also
show an increase in the amount of added salts at given moisture content
(volumetric solution contents q ranged from
0.03 to 0.12 m3 m-3 for the sand and from 0.09 to 0.30 m3
m-3 for the clay loam) decreased thermal conductivity. Increasing
the percentage of soil organic matter decreased thermal conductivity. Finally,
it was found that the sand had higher values of thermal conductivity than the
clay loam for the same salt type and concentrations.
Thermal Conductivity of Disturbed Soils Under Laboratory
Conditions
Nidal Abu-Hamdeh, Randall Reeder, Adnan
Khdair, and Hamid Al-Jalil
Project No.: 133/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
Fundamental
information on how salts and water affect thermal conductivity of soil would be
useful in modeling water and energy movement in systems containing
salt-affected soils. The results showed that thermal conductivity decreased
with an increase in the amount of added salts. Thermal conductivity for sand
ranged from 1.17 to 0.56 W / m K at concentrations of NaCl from 0.02 to 0.10 kg/kg,
from 1.13 to 0.52 W / m K at concentrations of CaCl2 from 0.01 to
0.05 kg/kg, and from 1.05 to 0.45 W / m K at concentrations of MgCl2
from 0.01 to 0.05 kg/kg. Thermal conductivity for clay loam ranged from 0.61 to
0.16 W / m K at concentrations of NaCl from 0.02 to 0.10 kg/kg, from 0.58 to
0.10 W / m K at concentrations of CaCl2 from 0.01 to 0.05 kg/kg, and
from 0.55 to 0.08 W / m K at concentrations of MgCl2 from 0.01 to
0.05 kg/kg.
Perception of Children Safety at the Streets of
Single-Family Homes as A Function of Street Layout
Majd Al-Homoud
Project No.: 144/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1900 JD
ABSTRACT
Over time
safety of children playing around their homes formed a main source of worry for
parents, since the street in front of the house is the traditional playing area
for children. Hierarchies of spaces that are created by the street layout
affect natural surveillance, zones of influence, and territorial controls, and
therefore, children's safety. The target population was located at the city of
Amman, Jordan; year 2000. The suggested hypothesis that perception of children
safety at the streets of single family homes is associated with street layout
was tested at a setting using random sampling. The total sample size was 51
single-family householders from the housing complex. The data was collected
through face to face interviews with one of the parents of each household using
a structured questionnaire. The results of the study demonstrated that the
shape of the street is the most affecting factor to predict perception of
children safety at streets of single- family homes.
Consistency of Continuous Horizontal Curves Under Adverse
Weather Conditions
Hashem R. Al-Masaeid
Project No.: 147/2000 Amount
of Fund: 500 JD
ABSTRACT
The author
developed guidelines for geometric consistency of simple and continuous
horizontal curves under dry-and daytime conditions. The major objective of this
study is to investigate the impact of adverse weather conditions; including
rain- and nighttime conditions, on geometric design consistency and develop
guidelines for design purposes.
Data on
geometric design elements of two-lane continuous horizontal curves, traffic
speed, and rain intensity will be collected through the course of this study.
The data will be analyzed using statistical analysis packages. It is expected
that the results of this study will provide guidelines for a consistent design
of two-lane highways.
Electrochemical Destruction of Chloro-Phenols Solutions
M. O. J. Azzam, and Y. Tahboub
Project No.: 159/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
Phenolic wastes
in wastewater arise in many segments of the process industry including oil
refineries, coke plants, chemical and plastic plants. Phenols have been
classified as one of the 65 priority pollutants. Present guidelines limit
phenols concentration in wastewater to 0.1 mg/liter (0.1 ppm), where phenols
here refer to aromatic derivatives that contain one or more hydroxyl groups.
When phenols contain halide compounds, the acceptable concentration limit in wastewater
falls to 0.02 mg/liter (20 ppb). Electrochemical methods for wastewater
treatment have recently attracted a great deal of attention mainly because of
their ease of control and the increased efficiency provided by the use of
compact bipolar electrochemical reactors and by the large surface area of three
dimensional electrodes. This work proposes a modification to a designed
electrochemical cell to study the effect of different parameters on the anodic
destruction of chlorinated phenols solutions. Specifically, the effect of
current density on the destruction of 2,4,6 tri-chlorophenol solutions is to be
investigated.
Non-equilibrium Entropy Production Under the Effect of the
Dual-Phase -Lag Heat Conduction Model
Mohammed Al-Nemr
Project No.: 160/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
In the present
work, the nonequilibrium entropy production under the effect of the
dual-phase-lag heat conduction model is investigated. It is shown that the
entropy production cannot be described using the classical form of the
equilibrium entropy production where using this form leads to a violation for
the thermodynamics second law. The effect of the phase-lags in temperature and
in heat flux on the nonequilibrium entropy production is investigated. Also,
the difference between the equilibrium and the nonequilibrium temperatures
under the effect of the dual-phase-lag heat conduction model is studied.
Olive Oil Alcohol Esters as Fuel for Diesel Engines
M. Abu-Qudais, and Mohamad Al-Widyan
Project No.: 161/2000 Amount of Fund:
2000 JD
ABSTRACT
In this study
an attempt will be made to thoroughly investigate the potential and feasibility
of converting neat olive oil into a fuel that can be utilized in Diesel
engines. This step will serve as a preliminary test for the potential of using
waste (used or fryer) vegetable oils for the same purpose.
The utilization
of both neat and used vegetable oils (VOs) in Diesel engines has been long
established because VOs are renewable and locally available. However, in their
crude forms, VOs cause many problems to engine performance and components
mainly due to their high viscosity. Therefore, in this project, the chemical
process known as transesterification will be applied to VOs to convert it into
alcohol esters, which are much less viscous and possess fuel characteristics
close to those of the standard diesel fuel. Furthermore, numerous studies have
reported much less pollutants using VO esters.
A test Diesel
engine will be run on the alcohol esters thus produced and the traditional
engine performance parameters will be examined and compared to those of diesel
fuel. This includes efficiency, specific fuel consumption, power output, ….etc.
Moreover, the effect of using the alcohol esters on engine exhaust emissions
such as UHC, CO, NOx, … etc. will be studied.
Finite Difference Time Domain Analysis of Cylindrical
Structures Containing Ferrite Media
Nihad Dib
Project No.: 162/2000 Amount of Fund: 1100 JD
ABSTRACT
The main
objective is to extend the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique to
analyze cylindrical structures containing ferrite media. Computer codes will be
developed which could be used to study any microwave cylindrical structure that
might contain magnetized ferrite regions. The codes will be general such that
multi-layer, multi-strip cylindrical structures can be analyzed. Mainly,
cylindrical microstrip line, coplanar stripline (CPS) and coplanar waveguide
(CPW) on ferrite substrate/superstrate will be studied. Field distribution and
parameters like propagation constant, and characteristic impedance will be
investigated. The effect of many variables on these parameters will be studied
too.
Shear Strength of Rock Joints
Omer Mugeid, and Abdelkareem Al-Zoubi
Project No.: 163/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2500 JD
ABSTRACT
The present
study will be conducted to investigate the shear strength and failure mechanism
of open offset non-persistent rock joints using a uniaxial load.
A series of
Uniaxial compression tests will be performed on large size samples made of
rock-like material. The parameters that will be investigated are: the effect of
joint geometry and arrangements on the shear strength of rock mass, the normal
displacements in vicinity of rock joint and rock bridge, the shear displacement
along the rock joint and rock bridge, the mode of failure, and mechanism of
coalescence.
Evaluation and Prediction of Sinkholes, A Case Study in the
Eastern Part of the Dead Sea
Abdallah Malkawi, and Mohammed
Al-Sakran
Project No.: 164/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4500 JD
ABSTRACT
Sinkholes appeared for the first
time in the early 1960s at the most Southern end of the Dead Sea Shore and
continue to develop thereafter. However, sinkholes become a major concern in
1990 with the appearance of several sinkholes at various depths, sizes and
shapes at several locations among others Ghor AI Haditha, Wadi Numeira, Qunaiya
and Wadi Hasheen.
The study will
involve: (1) Studying sinkhole phenomena and their mechanism of development in
the eastern part of the Dead Sea, (2) Geological hydrological and geotechnical
evaluation of sinkholes will be carried out to aid in understanding of these
sinkholes, (3) GIS and Remote sensing assisted models will be used to predict
the occurrence of these subsidences & (4) Mathematical modeling and
prediction of areas that sinkholes may develop.
Electroosmotic Dewatering of Local Minerals and Biosolids
Rami Jumah, Fawzi Banat, and Sameer
Al-Asheh
Project No.: 177/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4500 JD
ABSTRACT
There is a vast
range of industries which require means to remove water from colloidal
suspensions, clays and fines. The efficiency of conventional non-thermal
dewatering techniques depends on the particle size of the product, being
dewatered. The electroosmotic dewatering (EOD) becomes the ideal process for
the dewatering slurries, with particle sizes in the ultrafine range and
possibly for heat sensitive materials which may not be dried thermally.
Electroosmotic dewatering utilizes the surface charges which prevent fine
particles from agglomerating and are responsible for inherent stability of
colloidal suspensions. Moreover, in EOD there is a potential to remove water
with smaller amounts of energy than that required by vaporization process. This
work attempts to study the EOD of local minerals and biosolids under the effect
of different process parameters such as voltage, current, electrode material,
initial bed height, initial solid content, pH, and type of filter medium.
Development of Three Different Models to Simulate Liquid
Contaminant Flow in Capillary Porous Media During Air Sparging
Yahia Majali
Project No.: 178/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1800 JD
ABSTRACT
The
distribution and motions of the air, water and contaminant phases in the
saturated zone of a heterogeneous, unconfined aquifer resulting from air sparging
will be modeled using three different approaches: (1) continuum approach with
macroscopic parameters and laws [
e.g., Darcy's Law]; (2) fingering at the Darcy scale; and (3) channeling at the
pore scale. Each of these approaches is expected to represent fluid phase and
contaminant concentrations and movements for different porous media and air
injection conditions. At low injection rates into coarse media the continuum
approach should approximate the diffuse flow of air and contaminant vapor
through the saturated porous media, while at higher injection rates into finer
media fingering and the channeling approach are more suitable to describe the
flow regime. As a first step, air and water phases will be investigated using
the above three approaches, and comparison to previously conducted laboratory
experiments will be carried out to test, calibrate and validate the models and
deduce conditions for which each is best suited. Eventually single constituent
and multiconstituent, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will be included and
investigated. These different modeling approaches are expected to be
independent and suitable for particular conditions but complementary in
understanding the complex phenomena.
A Seasonal Water Quality Modeling of King Talal Reservoir
Mohanned Al-Sheriadeh, and Mohammed
Najeeb
Project No.: 180/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1500 JD
ABSTRACT
King Talal
Reservoir of Jordan is plagued with contaminants coming to it from point and
non-point sources of the upstream wastewater treatment plants, agricultural
land, industries, and mines. The inflow of these contaminants associated with
the geometrical and hydraulical characteristics of the reservoir have led to
water eutrification and persistent anoxia below the shallow water. This study
will address the various quality problems of the reservoir water and will try
to model their changes, both with depth and during the seasons. By so doing,
internal and external sources of water pollution in the reservoir can be
identified and proper treatment methods can be devised.
Change in Traditional Bedouin Home Layout as a Function of
Lifestyle
Majd Al-Hmoud, and Amal Alawneh
Project No.: 181/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1900 JD
ABSTRACT
Traditional and
indigenous societies used to be collectivist societies that are moving to
individualism as an impact of western cultures. Home as a social,
psychological, and physical package reflects reality and ideals of a culture.
Phenomenally the traditional Bedouin home sustained its identity over
generations. The staying power of this landscape of the traditional home is
attributable to its cultural importance. The hypothesis of the study suggests
that the more the Bedouins lifestyle move towards modernization, the more
symbolic the traditional Beit become. A face to face structured questionnaire
will be used to elicit the data, year 2000. The sampling technique will
stratify for house density in villages of the North Eastern Jordan Badia and
will proportionally randomize for a quota sample for the three house type
categories of house layouts associated with traditional Bedouin home (Beit
Al-Sha'r).
The Sonic Image of the Environment: Characterizing and
Evaluating Sound Scapes
Nathir Abu-Obeid, and Dina Abdelkareem
Project No.: 182/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2785 JD
ABSTRACT
This research
focuses on how people perceive and evaluate their sonic environments and what
are the various dimensions and variables that give the local sonic environments
their identity. Hence, the research will include selection of the sonic
environments and acoustic communities and studying them in terms of the
different dimensions (acoustic, geographical, functional, and socio-cultural).
Then, those concepts will be translated into measurable variables (i.e,
semantics). Recordings for the chosen environments will be conducted and
subjects will be asked to rate the environments through the semantics. The data
will be analyzed to investigate the perceived quality of the environments,
their perceived character, their evaluation, and the correlational relationships
between variables.
Micropiles as A Technique to Control Upward Movement of
Foundation of Light Structures on the Expansive Clays of Irbid Area:
Experimental Study
Osama Nusier, Baha'a Muhie Eddin Yousif
Project No.: 200/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5000 JD
ABSTRACT
The main
objective of this research is to study the effect of micro-piles on the heave
of clay possessing high swelling characteristics and upon which lightweight
structure will be constructed.
To achieve this
aim, two steel boxes will be constructed with dimensions (50*50*35)cm, and
micro-piles with different diameters and lengths will be manufactured, the
micro-piles will be placed in the compacted clay inside the box and will be
surrounded by a sand interface, several dial gages will be fixed on the model footing
to measure the upward movement, then the effect of micro-piles diameter will be
studied and a design procedure will be proposed for the optimum number,
diameter and length of
micro-piles to achieve full or partial reduction of heave.
2- Faculty of Medicine
Plastination, a New Method of Preservation
Nabil, A. Khouri.
Project No.: 24/2000 Amount of
Fund: 13450 JD
ABSTRACT
The
best-modernized and effective techniques that had been recently introduced to
the worlds of Anatomy and Pathology is Plastination. The great flexibility as
well as the non-toxic and low health hazards effect of the plastinated
specimens led many Anatomists worldwide to utilize and improve this new
technique. Furthermore, the disadvantages of formalin and phenol used by the
old methods of preservation, which are described as toxic, skin irritant and
concerogenous agents, led us to initiate this research. One important
objectives of this research is to overcome our major problem namely the lack of
cadavric materials. This method provides specimens in which tissue water and
part of the tissue fat is replaced by polymerized resin (BLODUR). This is
performed after embalming with a very low formaline concentration formula and
storage for at least 3-4 months at -5 C. Plastination is then carried out in
several steps including; fixation and staining, acetone dehydration,
impregnation, and curing. This method has proven to be the most valuable tools
for teaching and research Other advantages gained by using this technique is
the ability of leaving the specimens exposed to air without drying or
decomposing. Finally, long usage of less health hazardous specimens and the
reduction of their maintenance with respect to deterioration.
Comparison of Performance of Students in Basic Medical
Sciences: Traditional vs. Parallel Programs
Marwan Abu-Hijleh, Jamil Al-Alami,
Abdel-Fatah Al-Hader, and Zeyad El-Akawi.
Project No.: 42/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2260 JD
ABSTRACT
Several studies
have correlated the grade point average (GPA) gained in the secondary school
and the students' university performance. However, there is no study in Jordan
to correlate the secondary school GPA cumulative and the medical students'
performance in particular. A retrospective study of two cohorts of students
(total approx. 450) who entered the medical school in 1997 and 1998, will be
conducted to analyze the academic performance level of the students in three
basic medical sciences courses taken in the second year of the medical program.
Students will be divided into two categories based on the criteria of entrance
into the medical college. Category I includes students who entered through a
tough pre-medical competition based on their high school GPA (the Traditional
Program students) (TP). Category II comprised those students who entered
through a pliable pre-medical competition based on their high school GPA and
their willingness to pay higher university fees (the Parallel Program students)
(PP). The TP students and PP students will be compared on the basis of various
university test scores and grades, high school GPA, source of the secondary
school diploma, and gender using analysis of variance to assess the statistical
significance of any differences. The results of this study can help in identifying
the characteristics of students who are most likely to perform poorly.
Thereafter it will help educators and policy makers identify crucial risk
factors that impede effective learning and implement suitable corrective
measures.
Treatment of Chronic Urinary Retention
Ibrahim Al-Ghalayeeni, and Ibrahim
Banihani
Project No.: 65/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1000 JD
ABSTRACT
Men with
features of chronic urinary retention, that is a residual volume of greater
than 300 ml after voiding comprise approximately 15% of patients undergoing
bladder outflow surgery for obstruction. Previous studies have noted that this
group have higher mortality rates and a less satisfactory outcome following
surgery. Evidence that low voiding pressures may predict poor outcome have been
contradicted by recent reports and therefore the significance of urodynamic
evidence of both obstruction and detrusor failure in this condition remains
unclear. In other clinical situations intermittent catheterisation (ISC) has
proved a very satisfactory method of bladder emptying in the presence of poor
detrusor contractility. In this study we aim to determine whether a preliminary
period of regular bladder emptying by ISC prior to outflow surgery improves
outcome in men with chronic retention. We also aim to identify features that
predict poor outcome and hence identify a sub-group of men who will not benefit
from surgery, thus avoiding unnecessary morbidity.
Propofol Exhibits Antiepileptic Activity In Hippocampal
Pyramidal Neurons
Sameer A. Otoom
Project No.: 66/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2400 JD
ABSTRACT
Propofol was
reported to exhibit an antiepileptic activity. This study was performed to
investigate the effect of propofol on evoked and spontaneous seizure-like
activity induced by a model of epilepsy known as the veratridine model. Studies
were performed on rat brain slices using conventional electrophysiological
intracellular techniques. Alteration of sodium channel function by veratridine
(0.3 µM) induced evoked and spontaneous seizure-like activity in hippocampal
CA1 pyramidal neurons. Propofol concentrations (50-100 µM) inhibited both
evoked and spontaneous bursting induced by veratridine. The inhibitory effect
of propofol (100 µM) was associated with hyperpolarization and an increase in
membrane input resistance and current threshold. Results from this study are
valuable in solving critical questions regarding the antiepileptic activity of
propofol and strengthen the validity of the veratridine model in testing for
potential antiepileptic drugs. Further experiments are needed to confirm these
results and to investigate whether propofol has any proepileptic activity on
the veratridine model.
Effect of Warm Co2 on Shoulder Pain Following Laparoscopic
Cholecystectomy
Kamal Gharaibeh
Project No.: 67/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1200 JD
ABSTRACT
100 Patients
Scheduled for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy will be randomized to two groups.
Group (1): Pneumoperitoneum will be carried out using the ordinary Co2. Group
(2): Pneumoperitoneum will be carried out Using Warm Co2 (Thermoflator or
Similar apparatus). Postoperatively shoulder Pain will be assessed in both
groups for 72 hours, the location will be in princess Basma Teaching Hospital,
Private Hospital and King Abdullah Hospital. The main Objectives of this
research can be Summarized as follow: Evaluation of the effect of Using
pre-heated Co2 or normal Temperature, Co2 on Shoulder Pain Following
Laparoscopic Cholecystomy which may be as high as 79.6%.
Effect of Long-Term Exposure of Male Rats to Sodium Fluoride
on Sex-Behavior, Aggression and Fertility
Hameed Bataineh, and M.H. Al-Hamood
Project No.: 68/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2700 JD
ABSTRACT
Humans are
exposed to fluoride from a number of sources including medicines, pesticides,
fertilizer residues, dental products (tooth paste and mouth rinses) paediatric
supplements, fluoridated water and food. Sodium fluoride has been used in
municipal water fluoridation system for over half century because of its proven
cariostatic properties.
In the light of
the fact that lack of adequate reproductive toxicity data, this work has been
planned to evaluate the long-term ingestion of sodium fluoride on fertility,
sex behavior, aggressive behavior and structure of male reproductive system of
the rat.
Nifedipine Can Prevent Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal
Damage in Rats
K. Karim, H. Zahawi, O. Hameed, and Z.
Hassan
Project No.: 71/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1000 JD
ABSTRACT
Department of
Pharmacology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science
and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. The effect of nifedipine on ethanol induced
gastric mucosal damage and mast cell count in the glandular wall of the stomach
in rats were studied. One ml of 50% ethanol administered into the stomach via
intragastric tube resulted after one hour in 100% rate of gastric mucosal
damage as demonstrated by the gross and histopathological evaluation. This was
associated with a significant decrease in the mast cell count in the mucosa,
submucosa and muscle layer, (using aqueous solution of 0.5% w/v toluidine
blue). Nifedipine in a dose of 35 mg/kg administered intragastrically either
with ethanol or 30 min before ethanol resulted in a
significant reduction in number, length and area of gastric mucosal lesions
with a preventive index of 40% and 92% respectively together with no change in
the number of mast cells in all three layers. In conclusion, these results
offer evidence that oral calcium channel blockers may play an important role in
the protection against chemically induced gastric injury and therefore offer
insight into the mechanism of gastric ulcer formation. This knowledge may prove
important in the development of new and improved therapies for the treatment
and prevention of gastric ulcer in man.
The Basal Activity of Pyruvate Kinase and
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in People Residing at the Below Sea Level
Environment
Fayig El-Migdadi, Mohammad Rawachdeh,
and Amal Ghazi Mohammed
Project No.: 82/2000 Amount
of Fund: 8500 JD
ABSTRACT
It was found
that transfer from normal altitude to low altitude cause decrease in
phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) activity. Thus the decrease serum levels of
lactate at low altitude can be due to a decrease glycolytic flux rate as a
result of PFK-1 inactivation and /or a decrease in glucose availability;
another possible account may be an increase rate of lactate clearance. The
significance of this metabolic adjustment was suggested to involve
theregulation of glycolytic and phosphorylation. Based on this fact, it is
hypothesized that Pyruvate kinase (PK) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
(G6PD) activity in people residing in the Jordan Valley (JV), which is located
at 360 meters below sea level, is proposed to be lower than that in people of
Irbid city and Amman, which are located at 600-650 meters above sea level. In
addition, the incidence and expression of PK and G6PD in people residing in the
JV is hypothesized here to be different than those residing in Irbid and Amman.
Based on this fact, it is hypothesized that prevalence of PK and G6PD deficiency
in the JV is different (higher) than Irbid and Amman city. Our specific
objectives are:
1. The basal activity of PK, G6PD and lactate
dehydrogenase in JV, Irbid and Amman.
2. The incidence of PK and G6PD deficiency in JV,
Irbid and Amman.
Levels of Serum Sex Hormones in Ischemic Heart Disease and
Hypertension
Mohammed Ja’far, and Abdel-Fattah
Al-Hader
Project No.: 95/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1600 JD
ABSTRACT
Both male and
female sex hormones secretion varies with age of human being and in different
diseases. Also concentration of sex hormones usually decreased at middle and
old age particularly in female at menopausal period, while opposite hormones
increased in both sex, i.e. estrogen in male and testosterone in female. After
menopause, unfavorable changes in the lipid profile develop because of estrogen
deficiency which might be a risk factor for hypertension or ischemic heart
disease. In this study we will estimate the concentration of these sex hormones
(Total testosterone, free testosterone, estradiol, and ostenedione, hormones
bindings globulin and Renin sodium profile) in ischemic heart disease and
hypertensive patient. We will examine the relationship between the level of
these hormones and the development of coronary artery disease in female menopause
patient and hypertensive patients both male and female. We will also measure
the concentration of these hormones in patient with acute myocardial
infarction. 100 male and 100 female patients will be studied in this project,
all composed of different groups with 50 patients in each group. Selection
arranged as normal subject ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction
and hypertensive patients.
The Effectiveness of Antibiotics in Acute Respiratory Tract
Infections
Anwar Batiha, and Ghada Anis
Project No.: 100/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2100 JD
ABSTRACT
The discovery
of antibiotics constitutes a major breakthrough in this century. They provided
a magic weapon against many serious bacterial infections. However, these drugs
have been abused. Today, antibiotic abuse is considered one of the major
challenges of modern medicine. Bacterial resistance, side effects, and the huge
cost are among the consequences of inappropriate use of these antibiotics. The
major objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of antibiotics in
a very common condition in which they are commonly and probably inappropriately
used, Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTI). To achieve our objective, a
randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial is being currently
conducted. A total of 200 patients will be randomized into 2 groups: the first
group will receive the antibiotic and the other group will receive the placebo.
A verbal consent will be obtained from all participants. Each patient will be
physically examined, relevant information will be obtained using a structured
questionnaire prepared for the purpose of this study, and a throat swab will be
taken for culture. Follow up assessment will be carried out at 48 hours, 1
week, and 2 weeks after the first visit. Outcome assessment was based on
evaluation by the physician and self-reports by the patients. Differences
between the 2 groups will be assessed for statistical significance using the
chi-square test for proportions or the t-test for means.
Incidence of Legionella Pneumphila in Water System of
Hospitals in Northern Jordan
Ziad Elnasser, and Mohammad Al-Azab
Project No.: 116/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3300 JD
ABSTRACT
Legionella
pneumophila is considered one of the common organisms that are associated with
a typical pneumonia all over the world. The problem of Legionaries disease in
Jordan is never studied, and most physicians treat such conditions by either
giving antibiotics empirically or considering the condition as viral pneumonia
and not treat. We will study the scope of this problem in Jordan by analyzing
the habitat of the organism's possible finding, which include water tanks of
hospitals, health centers, hotels and schools of three different cities in
Jordan (Irbid, Amman, and Alsalt). The specimens are going to be taken from the
water reservoirs showers, and air conditioning systems. The specimens are going
to be collected and transported in special refrigerators to the clinical
laboratories of JUST. The specimens are going to be cultured on a selective
agar for Legionella, and will be quantified, and then the organism is going to
be finally identifies by doing direct immunoflourescent technique.
Plasmid Pattern Profiles in Coagulase Negative Staphylococci
in Northern Province of Jordan
Ziad Al Nasser, and Ali Aljaberi
Project No.: 117/2000 Amount
of Fund: 9200 JD
ABSTRACT
Coagulase
negative staphylococci is considered one of the important opportunistic
pathogen in immunocompromised patients. Virulance factor associated with
infection is studied in the past especially the role of the slimy layer and
adherence. We are going to study the role of plasmid profiles among Coagulase
negative staphylococci in association with different clinical condition, and
the possibility of using our finding as an epidemiological tool to trace the
source of infection in medical personnel and as indicator for the non proper
use of antibiotics. we are going to take specimen from patient infected with
these organism, medical personnel, and from other university students as
control. Plasmid will be extracted from the isolated Coagulase negative
staphylococci and there pattern will be analyzed after running them over
agarose gel electrophoresis.
Anticonvulsant Activity of the Intravenous Anesthetic
Propofol and Other Conventional Antiepileptic Drugs on Seizures Induced by the
Cholinergic Agonist Piolocarpine an Electrophysiological Study in Vitro
Zuheir Hasan
Project No.: 118/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4000 JD
ABSTRACT
Propofol is a
short acting anesthetic, which is now widely used for the induction and
maintenance of anesthesia. However, some controversy still surrounds its use,
because of sporadic report suggestion the occurrence of seizures following its
administration. In order to determine the effects of propofol on seizure
activity, the present in vitro electrophysiological study was designed to
investigate the effects propofol on limbic seizures induced seizures induced by
the cholinergic agonist pilocarpine. Hippocampal slices of 400 microns in
thickness will placed in a recording chamber and prefused with artificially
CSF. To examine the effects of propofol on pilocarpine induced seizures,
pilocarpine (5 mM) will be added to the bathing media and spontaneous seizure
activity will be recorded before and after prefusing the slice with propofol.
Extracellular stimulation and recording of hippocampal neuronal activity in
normal and epileptic slices will be performed by standard electrophysiological
techniques as previously described. The proposed experiments should give
further insight on the effects of propofol on seizures activity as well as the
effects of propofol on cholinergic synaptic transmission.
Incidence of Ischemia in Patients with Diabetic Foot
Infection
Muhammad Khammash
Project No.: 119/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1000 JD
ABSTRACT
Diabetic foot
infection is the commonest cause for hospital admission in diabetic patients.
More than 50% of lower extremity amputations occur in patients with diabetes.
Beside neuropathy and high blood sugar, peripheral vascular disease is a major
factor in the evolution and complication of the diabetic foot infection.
Peripheral vascular disease and leg ischemia are correctable factors when
discovered early or during the management of diabetic foot infection. It has
been found that around 10-25% of patients with diabetic foot infection are
having a chance of improving the blood flow to their feet and so improving
healing and, more important, reducing their chance of having major amputations.
Beside history
and clinical examination, Doppler ultrasound examination of the lower extremity
vessels, together with measurement of the Doppler pressure of the blood flow
and the ankle brakial index pressure, could give an idea about the degree of
ischemia and detect patients who need Angiography and proceed for surgical or
radiological intervention to improve the foot blood flow. Doppler U.S
evaluation of lower limb vascularity is an easy, reliable and non invasive way
of evaluation which can be done in the ward by the treating physician.
Assessment of Urine Cultures’ Bacterial Pathogens and their
antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Princess Basma Teaching Hospital
ElSheikh Mahgoub, and Hana Saeed Khalil
Project No.: 120/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2800 JD
ABSTRACT
The objective
of this study is to assess and determine the reasons for negative routine
cultures of urine from patients suspected to have urinary tract infection. The
project has been in progress for the last three months. So far, 1000 specimens
of urine have been cultured, organisms isolated identified and their
susceptibility pattern to antibiotics determined. This research project will
continue till statistically valid results are obtained.
Lower gastro-intestinal fistulas
Abdulkarim H. Al-Omari,
Ibrahim Bani-Hani, and Tareq Al-Jaberi
Project No.: 122/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1000 JD
ABSTRACT
Causes
of lower gastro-intestinal fistulas in the west are: Malignancy, Crohn’s
disease, Diverticulitis, & Iatrogenic. Most authors advocate early surgery
for these patients after: Resuscitation, Treatment of sepsis, & Octeotide
trial. Our study has two limbs: Retrospective review of cases over the last
five years in Princess Basma Hospital & Prospective evaluation of cases
over the coming two years in King Abdullah Hospital. We aim at the followings:
To compare the causes of fistulas in our group of patients with those of
others, To see whether the modern techniques of investigations were used in our
patients, To compare the outcome of our management with those of others, To
come up with recommendations regarding the best methods of investigation and
management that suit our patients & To apply these in the prospective part
of the study.
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose Imbalances on
Different in Vitro Parameters of Immune Competence
Ammar Daoud, Nezar Abu-Harfeel, and
Merhe Tayyar
Project No.: 136/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4500 JD
ABSTRACT
Diabetes
mellitus (DM) is one of the evolving metabolic disorders among Jordanian
population. The two types of DM (I and II) are the results of; insulin
insufficiency (absolute or relative) due to massive damage to insulin producing
cells (Beta cells of the pancreas) for type I, and insulin resistance for type
II. This disorder results in elevated levels of blood glucose.
Long term,
badly controlled DM will lead to complications such as; retinopathy, neuropathy
and nephropathy and chronic infection. On the other hand, DM affects the immune
system. This effect results in elevation in the rate and kind of infections
that occur in diabetic patients. This effect lowers the immune response in
different branches of cellular and humoral system.
This research
proposal is intended to investigate the impairment of cellular immune system of
diabetic patients. This will enable us to understand the effect of both hypoglycemia
and hyperglycemia conditions on lymphocytes of diabetic patient.
The Effect of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points
(HACCP) System Application on Quality of Dairy Products (Yogurt and Halloumi
Cheese)
Atallah Rabei’, Reyad Shaker, and Akram
Banat
Project No.: 140/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1600 JD
ABSTRACT
This study was
aimed to identify the quality of dairy products (Yogurt and Halloumi cheese)
produced and consumed in Jordan and study the effect of applying HACCP program
on the quality of these products which are produced in Danish Jordan Dairy
Company (DJDC).
Samples of
yogurt and halloumi cheese were collected from five Jordan dairy plants for
microbial analysis. It was observed that the mean of Aerobic Plate Count (APC)
and the count of Coliform, Staphylococcus aureas and Yeasts and Molds for
yogurt collected from those factories were 5.6x104,4.7,1.2x101
and less than 10 CFU/g respectively, but the mean of APC and the count of
Coliform, Staphylococcus aureas and Yeasts and Molds for halloumi cheese
collected from those factories were 3.0x 06, less than 10, 5.5x105
and 8.3x102 CFU/g respectively.
Before applying
HACCP system, samples of yogurt and halloumi cheese were collected from DJDC
for microbial analysis but the work in this phase is in progress. And it's
early to conclude our results because the study is still in progress.
Ophthalmic Screening of Older Preschool Children in Local Irbid Society
Najeeb Haykal, Muawyah Al-Bdoor, and Fahmi Okour
Project No.: 148/2000 Amount of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
A
total number of 500 children aged between 3 and 6 years in Irbid area will be
screened by trained ophthalmic doctor targeting local pediatric clinics and
kindergartens. The method would include external eye examination, checking pupillary reactions,
ocular alignment and motility, measuring visual acuities, ophthalmoscopy and,
where appropriate, refraction.
This survey
would help identifying the prevalence of various eye problems in Jordanian children, and the ophthalmic needs of this
important sector of our population as well as establishing long term
prophylactic and therapeutic management plans. It would also help assessing the
feasibility of establishing a permanent similar
screening service for the local society in order to pick up ophthalmic
disorders early enough for an effective treatment.
Age-Specific Prevalence & Causes of Blindness in an
Older Population in Jordan
Fahmi Okour, Najeeb Haykal, and M.
Bdour
Project No.: 149/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To
study the prevalence of blindness in subjects aged 50 years and over, the
causes of blindness in the same age group and to identify preventable causes of
blindness.
Methods:
Subjects aged 50 years and older at different sites in the North of Jordan are
being studied. Ophthalmological examination includes measurement of visual
acuity, anterior segment examination, retinoscopy, ophthalmoscopy, visual field
assessment. WHO definitions of blindness and visual impairment are used.
Results: So
far, the leading causes of blindness in Jordan, found by our study, are
cataract, refractive errors, glaucoma, and failed medical or surgical
treatment.
Conclusions: A
survey to determine the age-specific prevalence and causes of blindness needs
to be conducted in Jordan. Our study will provide baseline data for the
planning, implementation and evaluation of eye service and other preventive
programmes.
Cystinuria: A Survey of School Children in Hartha, North
Jordan
Kamel Ajlouni, Ibrahim Bani-Hani, Anwar
Batieha, Wajih Owais, Hashem Jaddou, and Mohammed Al-Khatib
Project No.: 150/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
Cystinuria is a
rare hereditary disease which affects 1 in 600 - 1000 individuals, clinical
observations suggest a high prevalence of the condition in a town in north
Jordan, Hartha. Therefore, a survey was undertaken among school children of the
town during May and June 2000. A total of 984 children (476 boys, and 508
girls) 6 - 17 years of age were included in the study. Each participant was
examined for the presence of cystine in his urine and completed a questionnaire
which gathered information on socio-demographic factors, family history, and
medical history. Cystinuria was detected in 19 males (4.2%) and 28 females
(5.8%) with a total prevalence of 5%.
The condition
increased with age from 0.7% among children 6 - 9 years 5.2% among children 10
- 14 years, to reach 9.4% among children 14 - 17 years of age (p = 0.00).
Cystinuria was more common among children with renal colic, urinary tract
infection, and renal stones but none of these associations was statistically
significant. Absenteeism from school was significantly more likely among
children with cystinuria (1.65 day compared with children without cystinuria
(1.36 days), (p = 0.00).
Conclusion: The
prevalence of cystinuria is very high in the studied community which provides
an opportunity for in-depth studies of the modes of inheritance, factors
associated with stone formation, treatment options, and possible ways of
prevention.
Light and Electron Microscopic Study of Human Cerebellum and
Inferior Olivary Nucleus
Qasem Dwairi, and Saleh Banihani
Project No.: 151/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3200 JD
ABSTRACT
In order to
perform its function as the main center for balance and equilibrium in our
body, the cerebellum interact with spinal cord, inferior olivary nucleus,
vestibular nuclei and several other structures. This project is focusing on
studying the human cerebellar Purkinje neurons and their main direct in-put
which arise from the inferior olivary nucleus.
The inferior
olivary nucleus functions to organize movement in time by entraining motor
neuronal firing through rhythmatic activation of the cerebellum. This
sophisticated mechanism are achieved via olivocerebellar fibers, which make
synapses on the cerebellar Purkinje cells which collaborate to regulate the
motor activity of the body.
The Purkinje
cells are the only neurons of the cerebellar cortex that send their axons
outside the cereballar cortex. Purkinje neurons also, receive synapses directly
from the climbing fibers (Olivocerebellar fibers) and indirectly from the mossy
fibers through the granular neurons. Therefore Purkinje neurons seem to play an
essential role in the processing of information that reach the cerebellar
cortex.
The exact
mechanisms of how these functions are achieved are not well understood. This is
attributed at least to minimal available information about the structure of
human brain. The available literature related to the neurons in the inferior
olivary nuclei indicated that these neurons have special morphological features
such as Zonula adherans, gap junctions, and glomeruli. Unfortunately these
features were demonstrated in animal models only. To the best of our knowledge
the neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus have not been studied in human at
the light as well as EM levels. Studies on these structures may provide
additional features of these structures in human. Subsequently the
morphological studies may elucidate the possible function of these neurons. The
main objectives of this project include:
-
To study the morphology of inferior
olivary neurons at light and electron microscopy.
-
To study their synaptic relationship
with Purkije cells and other cell.
-
To conduct immuno-histochemistry
studies on these neurons using specific antibodies as connexons-43 and
neurofilaments (Perpherin). These antibodeis would localize to axons and
synaptic circuits.
-
To conduct light and electron
microscopy.on the most important cell population of the cerebellum; the Purinje
cells.
-
Describe the sub-population types of
proteins contained in these structures using specific staining methods namely;
basic fuchsin-astra blue and Golgi methods.
Study of Cryptosporidium parvum& Giardia Lamblia, their
Diagnostic Methods, Risk of Infection and Various Stages of Development in
Laboratory Animals
Elsheikh Mahgoub, Bahaa Latif, and Anas
A. Almahbashi
Project No.: 152/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3100 JD
ABSTRACT
The main
objective of this project is to: (1) Compare the
efficiency of different methods used for diagnosis of Giardia lamblia and
Cryptosporidium parvum in stool
samples. (2) Correlate
infection with presence of these parasites. (3) Study the
developmental stages of Cryptosporidium spp., isolated from human feces, in
experimentally infected animals. The study will
assess increasing infections with Giardia and Cryptosporidium in man and
animals in Jordan. In addition it will determine the best methods of early
detection. Specimens will
be examined by iodine and trichrome stain in wet mounts, concentration and staining
with modified Kinyuon Ziehl-Neelsen and direct monoclonal immunofluorescent
antibody.
Comparison Between The Efficiency of ELISA & Indirect
Hemagglutination(IHA) in Detection of Antiadult Worm Igg for Patients Infected
With Schistosoma Mansoni.
Elsheikh Mahgoub, and Nabil A. Abdel
Aziz
Project No.: 165/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
In addition to
evaluating these two tests as far as specificity and sensitivity is concerned,
the study will lay down the basis for future epidemiological surveys and
vaccine trials when developed. The main objectives of this study are to: detect
anti worm immunoglobulinG in sera of patients infected with Schistosoma
mansoni and compare the specificity and efficiency of ELISA and IHA in
detection of anti adult worm IgG for Schistosoma mansoni.
Sera collected
from patients with symptoms of schistosomiasis and control healthy individuals
will be examined by ELISA and IHA for anti adult worm IgG.Stools will be
examined by the direct method.
Stress from Exercise Causes Changes in Serum Testosterone
Levels in Humans
Ibrahim Banihani, Faeq Meqdadi, and
Nabil Al-Bashir
Project No.: 167/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4400 JD
ABSTRACT
A pilot
(Comparative) study (N=5) of serum levels of leutinizing hormone (LH) and
testosterone (T) between male trained athletes (High-school students, I6-18
years old) living in North and South Shouna in the Jordan Valley (JV), 320-360
meters below sea level, and those living in Ramtha and Irbid, 550-650 meters
above sea level, was conducted in November, 1999. A similar study (N=20-40) is
needed to confirm the results and data from the pilot study. Serum Levels of LH
and T were also measured in these athletes following a 20-Km non-competitive
run. The air temperatures on the day of the experiment was comparable (25°C in North and South Shouna
versus 23°C in Ramtha and
Irbid). Before exercise. Serum levels of LH and T in athletes of the below sea
level environment (North and South Shouna) were similar to those levels in
athletes of the above sea level environment (Ramtha and Irbid). Exercise caused
a significant increase in serum levels of both LH and T only in athletes of
North and South Shouna. It seems likely that the higher secretion of LH that
contributes, at least in part, for the higher serum levels of T following
exercise. Taken together, these data suggest that exercise has an effect on LH
and T Secretion that is similar to that of fasting. And finally, the below sea
level environmental factors, such as the high barometric pressure, as well as
the genetic background of the athletes that affect the pituitary and adrenal
cortex as well as the testicular tissue to secrete more of LH and T.
An Immunohistochemical Study for the Expression of Molecular
Markers (P21, Cyclin Dl, Cyclin D2, Cyclin E) in Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma
as Diagnostic, or Prognostic Tests
Kamal Bani Hani, Nidal AI Masri, and
Hanan Nabil Karam
Project No.: 169/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4500 JD
ABSTRACT
Gastric
adenocarcinoma; a lesion in which the neoplastic epithelial cells grow in gland
patterns in the stomach. Genetic alterations occurring in this process could
serve as biomarkers for the risk of malignant progression, improve
surveillance, and contribute to early diagnosis. We will examine four potential
biomarkers, cyclin (D1, D2, E), and p21 in a prospective gastric adenocarcinoma
patients.
A total of 50
patients will be enrolled in an endoscopic surveillance cohort, gastric biopsy
specimens will be collected at each endoscopy, in addition to surgurgical
specimens. Incident cases of adenocarcinoma will be matched to control patients
within the cohort by duration of follow-up, age, and sex. Biopsy specimens will
be analyzed for cyclin (D1, D2, E) and p21 protein levels by
immunohistochemistry using formalin/paraffin sections.
Respiratory Morbidity in Different Jordanian Industries
Ahmad Boran
Project No.: 183/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5600 JD
ABSTRACT
There is
increased realization that repiratory morbidity rates in particular
occupational asthma is on the increase through out the world. The prevalence of
repiratory symptoms in different Jordanian industries will be investigated.
High, medium and low exposure levels of dusts and fumes will be identified from
amongst various factories in Jordan. Respiratory symptoms will be investigated
using a modified Medical Council Research questionnaire to allow for
occupational asthmatic symptoms to be vitalograph to measure lung function
indicators in workers who are eposed to different pollutants in the industry
will be used. Biological profile will be investigated using available atomic
absorption instruments available at JUST and the Criminal Investigation
laboratory.
3- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences
Burkitt’s lymphoma in
Jordan with emphasis on detection of Epstein-Barr virus
Nidal M. Almasri, Hasan S Khalidi, and
Suha Fouad Abu-Jabarah
Project No.: 44/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4950 JD
ABSTRACT
Malignant
lymphoma (ML) is one of the commonest forms of malignancies in Jordan.
Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is a type of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is endemic in
Africa but occurs sporadically in other parts of the world (including Jordan),
and has a strong association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
In this
research we studied the features of BL in Jordan with emphasis on detection of
EBV in them. Out of 197 ML, we found that 15 BL cases were diagnosed during the
years 1996-1999 in the Pathology Departments of Al-Bashir Hospital and Jordan
University of Science and Technology. We re-examined hematoxylin and eosin
stained slides of these cases to confirm the diagnosis, and reviewed the
clinico-epidemiological data of them.
Also, we
performed immunohistochemical staining (IHC) on the paraffin sections of the 12
cases with available paraffin blocks, to study the expression of CD3, CD20,
CD43 and CD45, CD45RO by BL neoplastic cells. In Situ Hybridization (ISH) was
also performed to detect the presence of EBV.
We found that
the median age of BL patients was 5 years with a male to female ratio of 5:1.
50% of the cases involved the abdomen, while the remaining 50% involved the
head & neck region. In situ hybridization studies showed that 58.3% of
these Jordanian BL cases to be positive for EBV, a rate which is considered
intermediate between cases in endemic and non-endemic areas.
Hodgkin’s Disease in Jordan with Emphasis on Detection of
Epstein-Barr Virus
Nidal M. Almasri, Hasan Khalidi, and
BadrEldin Mirgani Yousif
Project No.: 59/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2800 JD
ABSTRACT
Prior studies
have show an association between Epstien-Barr virus (EBV) and Hodgkin’s (HD).
In developed countries, there is a bimodal incidence of HD and a predominance
of nodular sclerosis subtype (NS); while in underdeveloped countries, the
bimodality of incidence is not always present with high rates in children and
predominance of mixed cellularity subtype (MC).
The aims of
this study are to: 1) Detect EBV encoded latent membrane protein (LMP-1), and
EBV encoded RNAs (EBER1 & EBER2) in HD among Jordanian. 2) Correlate the
incidence of EBV positivity with subtype, age, site and sex.
A total of 64
cases were analyzed, 34 with MC (53.1%), 28 with NS (43.8%) and 2 cases with
lymphocytes predominance HD (3.1%). Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue
sections were analyzed for EBV encoded LMP-1 using anti-LMP-1 (DAKO, carpenteria,
CA). These cases were also analyzed for leukocyte common antigen (LCA), CD15,
CD30, CD20 (B cell marker) and CD45RO (T cell marker).
LMP-1 was
detected in Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin’s cells in 25 of 64 cases (39.1%). 18/34
MC (52.9%), 7/28 NS (25%), and 0/2 lymphocyte predominance HD (0%).
HD in Jordan
appears to run an intermediate course between developed and under-developed
countries. The findings further support the hypothesis that there is an strong
association between EBV and HD. The association is significantly
higher in MC subtype compared with NS subtype. The EBV association has no
relation with age, sex and site of HD in our cases.
Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in
Irbid Town
Al-Sheikh Mahjoob, Mamdooh Muqaddam,
and Faisal Awad
Project No.: 166/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus
aureus (S.aureus) Is gram positive bacteria that have sphere shape and clusters
morphology. Strins of S.aureus which are resistant to B-lactamase stable penicillins
historically termed methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA
mediated by mecA gene, encoding the penicillin binding protein 2a (PBP2a)
enzyme, which has reduced affinity for beta lactams agents Nosocomial infection
caused by MRSA has been a major problem in large medical centers. This
infection is sometimes life threatening for patients with underlying condition,
despite extensive care. Therefore important goals include eradication the
sources of the organism and preventing the spread of organisms to the patients.
In this study we will use the slide latex agglutination test (Denka Seiken Co.,
Ltd.) as a new method for detection of PBP2a in MRSA and oxacillin disk
diffusion as conventional method. Oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentration
(MICs) measures all isolates show discordant results between slide latex
agglutination test and oxacillin disk diffusion. The objectives of this project
are: 1- To describe the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus
aureus in Irbid town. 2- To establish a simple, sensitive, and cost effective
test for detection of this organism. 3- To suggest a policies and protocol to
eradicate and the spread of this organism.
Molecular, Biochemical, and Antibigram Patterns of
Helicobacter Pylori from Various Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases and Non-Ulcer
Dyspepsia in Irbid, Jordan
Raymond Batchoun, Mamdouh Moqaddam,
Hesham Al-Zureiqi, and Taha Abdul Aziz
Project No.: 168/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3250 JD
ABSTRACT
Helicobacter
pylori is a spiral gram negative microaerophilic bacteria associated with
chronic gastritis, duodenitis, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, non ulcer
dyspepsia, and stomach cancer. The diseases pattern is dependent on presence of
cage A and Vac A genes that control the severity of infection, and cancer
development. Additionally H. pylori is becoming multi resistant to
antimicrobial therapy all over the world. In Jordan, Helicobacter pylori or
spiral bacteria were detected in gastric biopsies obtained from patients under
going endascopy, with various upper GI upsets, microscopically, with limited
reponse to antiulcer, antimicrobial. The objectives of this project are: (a)
Isolation and biochemical characterization of Helicobacter pylori from the
various clinical conditions of upper GI upsets from patient's referred to
endoscopy unite in north Jordan, (b) Determination of ulcerogenic strains in
relation to cag A and vac A using PCR technology and its correlation with
desease pattern, & (c) Determination of the MIC of antimcrobials used in H.
Pylori eradication employing E-test, which will become guidelines in treatment
selection.
Detection of BCL-2 Oncogene in Malignant Lymphoma Cases in
Jordan from Paraffinized Embedded Tissues Using PCR Method
Nidal Al-Masri, Jameel Al-Alami, and
Mohammed Faza’
Project No.: 197/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3500 JD
ABSTRACT
Malignant
non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are often associated with specific chromosome
translocations which is important mechanisms in the pathogenesis of NHL. In
follicular lymphoma (FL) which is low-grad NHL approximately 90% of cases carry
the translocation t(14;18) where as 20% of diffuse lymphomas (an
intermediate-grad NHL) carry the translocation t (14;18) (q32.2;21).
In this
translocation, the BCL-2 oncogene is translocated from chromosome 18 into the heavy
chain immunoglobulin locus on chromosome 14. This results in a BCL-2/IGH fusion
gene . This
translocation constitutes the most common chromosomal translocation in NHL of
B-cell type and led to the discovery of the BCL-2 gene. The BCL-2 gene is a
survival gene located on chromosome
(18;q21.3) and consists of three exons. the bcl-2 protein has the function to
prevent programmed cell death (apoptosis) and its localized to the inner
mitochondrial membrane and prevents the
apoptosis of the tumor cell.
The
translocation t(14;18) is most commonly detect by Southern analysis and
polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) at the molecular level. Southern blot analysis (SBA) is an expensive
procedure, requires large amounts of DNA (10-30mg),
radioactivity based method and associated with show turnaround time. On the
other hand, PCR characterized by speed (1-3days), ease, lower cost and the
ability to amplify small amounts of DNA (1mg
).
In Jordan, no
studies have been done to evaluate the association of FL and BCL-2
rearrangement by PCR method from fixed-paraffin-embedded tissue. This will be
the first study of NHL and BCL-2 t ( 14;18) it will also attempt to establish
the diagnosis of FL by PCR from archive samples.
Thermophilic Bacteria in Jordan and Biotechnology
Application
Ziad Al-Naser, Wajeeh Oweis, and Anis
Maraqa
Project No.: 198/2000 Amount
of Fund: 7100 JD
ABSTRACT
This is a
biotechnology study designed to isolate the Thermophilic bacteria from hot
springs & geothermal areas in Jordan, after complete isolation we will
extract the DNA from pure culture and apply molecular biology techniques and
analysis to the extracted DNA. Our major attention will be focused on isolation
Four different genes that have important value in industry (Amylase, Xylanases,
Proteases, and DNA-polymerases) and then they will clone in host vector to
produce expected enzymes. The main reasons
for selecting enzymes from thermophiles are their high stability and reduced
risk of contamination.
Diagnostic Efficiency of Cardiac Troponin I, Troponin T,
Myoglobin and CK-MB Mass for Early Evaluation of Patients with Acute Chest
Pain: A Comparison of Cardiac Troponins, Myglobin and CK-MB for Diagnosis of
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Mohamad Nuser, Sameer Otoom, and Bassam
Mahmoud Ababneh
Project No.: 206/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4700 JD
ABSTRACT
The major
challenge for physicians is identification of patients who have acute coronary syndromes
and who may benefit from treatment. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the
leading cause of cardiovascular
death. Early diagnosis is of paramount importance. Delays in clinical
decision-making may reduce the opportunity to deploy available strategic to
salvage myocardium. In patients with
chest pain, the diagnosis depends on the selected use of cardiac markers.
Mainly all institutions
have relied on serial testing serum levels of creatine kinase (CK-MB) after
hospital admission.
Myoglobin and Cardiac Troponins: cTnI and cTnT are new tests with diagnostic
and prognostic
potential. The troponin (Tn) complex (subunit 1, T, and C) on the actin
filament regulates the force and
velocity of muscle contraction. Troponin T (TnT) anchors the Tn complex to tropomyosin;
troponin C (TnC) bind calcium ions and initiates the contractile response; and
troponin-I (TnI) inhibit actin - myosin cross-linking. cTnT and cTnI are highly
sensitive and specific
markers of myocardial necrosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction,
like CK-MB they are detectable within 3-12 h of onest of symptoms but troponin
concentration remain raised for four times longer than CK-MB concentration. The
time profile of cardiac troponin parallels that of the CK-MB
fraction, it has an added benefit of late detection of MI, its level remains
elevated for 5-7 days after myocardial injury. Unlike CK- MB fraction which is
not helpful for early decision-making because
it can detect only two- third of infarcts within 4 hours of admission, with the troponins,
it makes it possible to detect minor myocardial injury and earlier diagnosis of
a cute MI can be made.
4- Faculty of Dentistry
The Incidence Of Oral Cancer In The North Of Jordan
Ma’amon A. Rawashdeh
Project No.: 26/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2720 JD
ABSTRACT
Oral cancer is
a serious and growing health problem throughout the world. The World Health
Organization (WHO) assesses that oral cancer is the third commonest malignancy
among males and sixth commonest in females.
In 1990, cancer
of the oral cavity and pharynx represented about 5% of cancers diagnosed in
USA, and of the 30,000 newly diagnosed cases in 1990, 8000 deaths were
predicted due to the disease. In the UK and Wales the incidence of oral cancer
represents about 2% of all malignancies, and there are 1900 new cases of oral
cancer and 960 deaths from the disease each year.
To my best
Knowledge no data are available on this topic in the North of Jordan. This
study will provide a baseline record of the incidence of oral cancer. It is
hoped that the study will help in raising the level of awareness of oral cancer
in Jordan.
Cytotoxicity of Dental Casting Alloys used in Jordanian
Dental Laboratories
Ahmad Al-Hiyasat, Homa Darmani, and
Omar Bashabsheh
Project No.: 51/2000 Amount of
Fund: 12,000 JD
ABSTRACT
Certain dental
alloys may elicit adverse tissue and cellular reactions by releasing elements
into the oral cavity which then produce harmful biological effects. Since these
alloys are used to construct medical prostheses, the possibility of tissue
damage must be analyzed through pre-clinical risk assessment. Thus relevant pre-clinical
biological tests are highly desirable as a basis for such a risk assessment.
The aim of this study is to first carry out a survey to find out which dental
cast alloys are used in Jordanian dental laboratories and dental surgeries. A
questionnaire will be developed and distributed to dental laboratories in
different geographical areas in Jordan. The most frequently used dental cast
alloys will then be investigated by determining and analyzing the different
elements released from them by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Lastly,
cytotoxicity of these dental casting alloys will be investigated using a well
established fibroblast cell cytotoxicty model.
Clinical Effect of a Full Arch Maxillary Occlusal Splint on
Patients with Signs and Symptoms of TMJDisorders
Firas Al Qurkn
Project No.: 69/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1800 JD
ABSTRACT
Several
epidemiological studies have shown the high prevalence of signs and symptoms of
TMJDisorders in the population. Most studies reported at least 50% of the
general population having at least one sign, although only 30% of individuals
may be aware of symptoms. Pain is the most common reason for patients to seek
treatment. It is widely accepted that occlusal splints play an important role
in the treatment of TMJDisorders, particularly where muscle pain is a prominent
symptom. The aims of this study are to diagnose patients with TMJDisorders, to
investigate the clinical effect of hard occlusal splint on patients complaining
of signs and/or symptoms of TMJDisorders and to compare the results with
studies done on other populations. Criteria for diagnosing the patients and
evaluating their symptoms established and a small number of patients have
received the treatment but the time is not due to reevaluate changes
insymptoms.
Dental Personnel Exposure to Mercury Released from Dental
Amalgam Restorative Materials
Wael Al-Omari, and Ahmad Al-Hiyasat
Project No.: 102/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2900 JD
ABSTRACT
There is no
doubt that mercury is toxic and that dentists and their assistant are
potentially exposed to mercury through the use of amalgam. There has never been
any reported study that has investigated the dental mercury hazards in Jordan.
The purpose of this project is, therefore, to identify and evaluate the
relationship between practice characteristics in Jordan and urine and blood
mercury levels to estimate the degree and sources of mercury exposure resulted
from dental amalgam fillings and the outcome of pregnancy. Information will be
collected about practice characteristics in different regions of Jordan, in the
form of comprehensive questionnaire containing mercury related questions. Urine
and blood samples will be collected from dentists, dental assistants, and
pregnant women having amalgam fillings, and if possible from the newly born
babies and analyzed for total mercury content. The urine and blood samples will
be stabilized, refrigerated and the total mercury content will be measured
using cold atomic absorption method. A questionnaire will be delivered to
assess the neurobehavioral performance of the participants. We hope that this
project will highlight the state of mercury exposure and the potential risks
that could result from that and come forward with recommendations to minimize
those risks.
Prevalence of Oral Pigmentation and Oral Candidosis in
Workers and Children at Risk for Lead Exposure
Aceil Qassim Al-Khatib
Project No.: 141/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4100 JD
ABSTRACT
Lead has been
shown to be deposited in oral tissue if injested in sufficient quantities or
over a long course of time inducing oral pigmentation which can be identified
by an oral exam. Iron deficiency aneamia which is more common in people with
lead poisoning predisposes to oral candidosis. The aims of this investigation
are to determine the prevalence of oral pigmentation, the prevalence of candida
albicans among workers and children at risk, and to assess the knowledge of
lead poisoning among exposed workers.
Characterization of Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans
Fimbriae and Their Role in Adhesion to Human Oral Epithelial Cells
Mohammad Hammad, and AbdelKareem
Al-Sallal
Project No.: 195/2000 Amount
of Fund: 7000 JD
ABSTRACT
Actinobacillus
Actinomycetemcomitans is reported to be an active etiological agent for
"Localized juvinile periodontitis which is a highly destructive form of
inflammatory periodontal disease that affects relatively
young patients. This organism has a fimbria which play an important role in the
adherence of this bacterium to the host cells. In Jordan, there are no previous
reports on the isolation of this organism from patients
suffering from periodentitis. So, this project deals with the isolation,
cultivation of this organism and also with the effect of thyme extract
on the growth of an isolated organism on the adherence mechanism in
comparison with known antibiotics and month washing solutions, using light and
electron microscopes for such observations.
5- Faculty of Pharmacy
Moisture Interaction with Pharmaceutical Excipients
Mutaz Sheikh-Salem, Bashar Al-Taani,
and Dima Al-Fayoumi
Project No.: 10/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3600 JD
ABSTRACT
Many
pharmaceutical Excipients are hydrophilic and have the ability to pickup and
retain large amounts of moisture in their structure. Water presence in the
excipient may influence the physical and chemical properties of the excipient
and the product where the excipient is used. Sorption isotherms of the
following Excipients: Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Hydroxypropyl cellulose,
Crospovidone and chitosan will be constructed by equilibrating them in
dessicators of different relative humidity. The excipents will be studied as
received from the manufacture and after fractionating them into different
particle sizes by sieving. After equilibration the Excipients will be also
analyzed using differential scanning calorimetery for the state of water.
The Excipients
after equilibration will be mixed with moisture sensitive drug (cefadroxyl) and
stored for appropriate period of time and analyze for drug degradation.
Isolation and Characterization of Active Components from
Annona Reticulata
Feras Q. Alali, and Ahmed Al-Kofahi
Project No.: 45/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5300 JD
ABSTRACT
In order to
verify the presence of cytotoxic annonaceous acetogenins, C35-C37
polyketide, in the cultivated species Annona Reticulata L.
(Annonaceae), a pilot sample, bark and stem, was collected from Der-Ala, Jordan
Valley, Jordan, where the plant is cultivated. The sample was cut, dried,
milled and extracted with ethanol, the residue remained after evaporation
(F001) was tested against Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) and showed an LC50
value, dose to kill 50% of the shrimp, of 200 ppm. We are now pursuing a large
scale activity-guided isolation and fractionation leading to the active
constituents.
Solid State Characterization of Fluconazole
Khouloud A. Alkhamis, Aiman Obaidat,
and Adi Nuseirat
Project No.: 50/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5000 JD
ABSTRACT
Purpose. Fluconazole is an antifunal drug that is used in the treatment
of candidacies. Fluconazole has at least two different polymorphs. Several
techniques have been used to characterize these two forms. However, generation
of different polymorphs was not performed by previous investigators. Therefore,
it is of interest to prepare new polymorphs and solvates of fluconazole and to
characterize them using different techniques. Methods. Different polymorphs and
solvates will be prepared by crystallization of the original powder in
different solvents at different cooling rates. The different polymorphs will be
detected using thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and Fourier Transform
Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The intrinsic dissolution and the solubility of
the aforementioned polymorphs will also be determined. The results that will be
obtained from the generation and the characterization of the different
polymorphs of fluconazole will be very useful in improving the bioavailability
and therefore the efficacy of fluconzale.
Improving the Compressibility Properties of Powders by Using
Additives
Bashar Al-Taani, and Mutaz Sheikh-Salem
Project No.: 54/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5900 JD
ABSTRACT
Compressibility
is an important property of powder to be formulated into tablet dosage form.
Many solid drugs resist compression into acceptable tablet due to their inherent
properties. Certain tablet additives may improve the compressibility properties
of poor compressibility drug. Some additives of different physical properties
such as hydrophilicity, type and molecular weight will be used to improve the
compressibility properties of a poor compressibility drug. The additives used
are methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, Hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl
methylcellulose. The additives will be mixed with the drug at different levels
and the compression profile will be studied mainly by using Heckel analysis
method.
Design and Synthesis of New D1-dopamine receptors ligands
Amjad Qandil, and Mohammad Hassan
Project No.: 56/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4300 JD
ABSTRACT
This research
aims at the Design and Synthesis of novel and potentially active dopamine
agonists. This work focuses on the class of D1-ligands, a class of
compounds represented by the very high affinity but partial agonists: 3-phenyl
benzazepines and the somewhat lower affinity but full agonists: 4-phenylisoquinolines.
Both classes are rigid analogs of -phenyl dopamine with the main
difference between the two classes is the conformation of ethylamine side chain
and the planarity of the compound. The most active derivatives of
4-phenylisoquinolines are more planar and have the side chain in the trans-anti-conformation
while the 3-phenyl benzazepines have it in an extended gauche-conformation.
The compounds proposed in this research will simulate the planarity of the
4-phenylisoquinolines and the ethylamine side chain conformation of 3-phenyl
benzazepines. This is an effort to enforce the pluses and reduce the
shortcomings of these two classes.
Comparative Chemical Studies on Some Aromatic Medicinal
Plants of Jordan
Fawzeyyah Jawad, and Muhsen Al-Mahmoud
Project No.: 78/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4250 JD
ABSTRACT
The volatile
oil content of some aromatic medicinal plants of Jordan are to be investigated
and comparative qualitative and quantitative studies are to be carried on for
several plant species collected at different times of the year. In addition to
the relation with different environmental factors that may affect the quality
and quantity of these oils.
Plant materials
are collected from different environments at different times of the year and
the volatile oil obtained from each sample is extracted and investigated for
its physical and chemical properties by several analytical methods of analysis
including chromatographic methods and GC/MS analysis.
Some related
biological studies and the incorporation of specific concentrations of some of
these oils in different pharmaceutical bases are to be studied.
Vitamin C and Lipid Disturbances in Animal Fed Alcohol
Khalid Al-Ani
Project No.: 79/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4500 JD
ABSTRACT
It is known
that alcohol ingestion is associated with a variety of functional and
structural disturbances including cardiovascular diseases and liver cirrhosis.
Chronic alcohol
ingestion is associated with a variety of secondary metabolic effects that
alter lipid metabolism leading to hyprlipidaemia and accumulation of fat in the
liver especially triglycerids and cholesterol ester.
Our previous
experiments indicate that supplementation of high dose vitamin C to animals fed
alcohol reduce or diminish the effect of alcohol ingestion that when related to
lipid disturbances.
In this project
we attainted to study the possibility of preventing the structural changes in
the liver and aorta caused by alcohol ingestion by simple dietary manipulation
such as high vitamin C supplementation.
Synthesis and Evaluation of some mefenamic acids prodrugs
for transdermal delivery
Bassam Tashtoush, and Khaled Shawakfeh
Project No.: 98/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
Mefenamic acid,
is one of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used through the oral
and suppository routes for the treatment of pain and inflammation. These NSAIDs
cause gastrointestinal distress but with lower extent than aspirin. One
approach to reduce the GI distress associated with the chronic use of these
compounds was the prodrug approach, designed to deliver the parent compound
after various chemical or enzymatic transformation. Another approach to reduce
these side effects is by delivering the drug by percutaneous administration
where many drugs have been formulated in transdermal delivery system.
In this work we
are trying to improve the penetration of mefenamic acid across the stratum
cornium barrier in order to achieve either local or systemic action. Four
prodrugs will be synthesized by esterification of mefenamic acid with a
tertiary amine salt.
The main
objectives of this work are to synthesize and characterize these prodrugs and
then evaluate the stability in buffer, plasma and skin. We will also evaluate
the permeability of these prodrugs compare to the parent compound in vitro
through the excised mouse skin using Franz diffusion cell.
Topical Drug Delivery System Of Tetracycline HC1 For The
Treatment Of Acne Using Niosomes
Shereen Assaf, and Hind H. Abu Judeh
Project No.: 101/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
Tetracycline
HC1 (TC-HC1), an anti acne water soluble drug, was used as a model drug. Its
entrapment efficiency (E%) was investigated using tween 60 vesicles (niosomes).
Neutral niosomes, made of 400 µmole ( 50:50) mole % tween 60: cholesterol,
entrapped TC-HC1 at pH (4.5) with E% of (8.20%), whereas negatively charged
niosomes, prepared by inclusion of 10 mole % Dicetyl phosphate (DCP), entrapped
TC-HC1 at pH (4.5) with E% of (21.0%).
In-vitro
preliminary release studies indicated that neutral niosomes made up from tween
60 could retain a considerable amount of TC-HC1 over a prolonged period of
time, whereas the extent of release from negatively charged DCP niosomes was
higher.
The
susceptibility of P. acnes to the antibacterial activity induced by TC-HC1 was
performed by a growth inhibition zone method (agar diffusion). The method was
quantitative for both free and niosome -encapsulated drug. Neutral
niosome-encapsulated TC-HC1 retained its antibacterial activity and gave
greater inhibition zone than negatively charged ones.
The neutral
niosomal system was osmotically active upon the addition of an NaC1 solution
with similar tonicity as that of sweat solution, which concentrates in the
pilosebaceous glands, leading to reduction in the niosomal size and consequently
to an increase in the amount of drug released from niosomes. This suggests that
sweet may increase the amount of drug released from topically applied niosomes.
6- Faculty of Nursing
The Effect of the Health Belief Model in Explaining Medical
Care Seeking Decisions of Jordanian Patients Experiencing Myocardial
Information Symptoms
Suha Omran, and Musa Al-Hassan
Project No.: 90/2000 Amount of
Found: 1800 JD
ABSTRACT
Studies
investigated the nature of factors affecting medical care seeking decisions of
patients experiencing myocardial infarction symptoms were athearchtical (Dracup
et al., 1995). Furthermore, how Jordanian myocardial infarction patients decide
to seek medical care has never been investigated. Theoretical explanation of
medical care seeking decisions may form essential components of intervention
strategies that help patients experiencing myocardial infarction symptoms seek
medical care promptly. The purposes of this study are to measure the interval
between Jordanian patient's recognition of their MI symptoms & their
decisions to seek medical care and examine the significance of the Health
Belief Model constructs in distinguishing between delayers and non-delayers in
seeking medical care. Two researchers-developed questionnaires, will be used to
measure the HBM constructs and health characteristics of the participants. The
questionnaires will be administered to all patients who will be admitted to
cardiac care units of 3 major hospitals in Amman area over a two-month period
to confirm or rule out myocardial infarction. Descriptive statistics and
discriminant function analysis will be used to analyze the collected data.
The Meaning of Hope Following Spinal Cord Injury
Hashim Fraijat
Project No.: 91/2000 Amount of
Found: 1800 JD
ABSTRACT
The purpose of
this study is two-fold: to describe the meaning of personal hope following
spinal cord injury (SCI), and to investigate the subjective relationships
between functional status, social support, spirituality, coping responses, and
hope in patients with SCI. The six research questions include: (a) what meaning
dose hope have for patients with SCI? (b) what is the relationship between
functional status and hope of patients with SCI? (c) what is the relationship
between social support and hope of patients with SCI? (d) what is the
relationship between spirituality and hope of patients with SCI? (e) what is
the relationship among functional status, social support, spirituality, coping
responses, and hope of patients with SCI?
Spinal cord
injury is considered one of the most life-changing injuries a person can
experience. Spinal cord injury affects between seven to eleven thousand persons
each year in the united states (American Paralysis Association, 1995). In
Jordan, diseases of the nervous system and SCI are considered the second
leading cause of death (World Bank, 1996). Like many chronic illnesses, SCI is
a condition of long duration having residual features that impose limitations
on the individual's functional capabilities (Hayes, 1994).
This is an
exploratory study employs a descriptive correlational design. Subjects will be
derived from a convention sampling from medical files of the only spinal cord
injury unit which located at the Royal Medical Services. (such as) main SCI
units rational royal med. Subjects will be selected to obtain a broad
representation of SCI patients. The sample size will be determined by Cohen's
and Cohen's (1983) power analysis for simple regression analysis.
Nurses' attitudes toward elderly patients in acute care
settings
Issa M. Hweidi
Project No.: 92/2000 Amount of
Found: 1800 J.D
ABSTRACT
The purpose of
this study is to examine the relationship of nurses' attitudes toward elderly
patients and selected nurse subjects demographic variables such as: nurses'
age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational level, clinical experience,
religion, residential area, and experience of living with elderly.
The exploration
of nurses' attitudes toward elderly patients is expected to identify health
care needs and problems of this age group. Exploring such variables will assist
health care policy makers in selecting nursing staff that can address and meet
the needs, concerns, and expectations of Jordanian elderly in acute care
settings. Furthermore, this study will help in improving the quality of nursing
care provided to such patient sand provide bases for future research on nurses
attitudes toward elderly patients.
This study will
be conducted in 4 hospitals located in the Northern part of Jordan that represent
the public, military, and the private sector. Over three month period nurses
from selected units will be considered as potential subjects. A convenience
sample of 300 Jordanian nurses working in the selected units will participate
in the study. Kogan attitudes scale (Kogan, 1961) will be used as a mj to
measure nurses' attitudes toward elderly patients, demographic data will be
obtained through the personal information sheet developed by the purpose of the
study and the right to withdraw from the study at anytime. Confidentiality for
participants will be maintained. All part ….pants will be salved to provide a
written consent from for participation in this study. Descriptive statistics
will be used to describe all variables of interest, and frequents will be
tabulated for all variables. Co relational analysis will be computed to detect
the relationship between nurses' attitudes and the sociodemographic variables
of interest.
Jordanian Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Survey (JAHRBS)
Salwa Obeisat
Project No.: 134/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1300 JD
ABSTRACT
According to
the WHO, UNFPA, & UNICEF (1997) adolescents constitutes 20% of the world
population, of these 85% live in the developing countries. Purpose: a) to
assess the prevalence of health risk behaviors among Jordanian adolescents in
five risk categories: injuries, tobacco use, alcohol and drug use, dietary
behaviors, physical inactivity; b) to examine the relationship between selected
demographics (age, place of residence, socioeconomic status, parents marital
status, parents educational level) and the prevalence of health risk-behaviors
among Jordanian adolescents. Research Question: a) What are the health
risk-behaviors prevailed among Jordanian adolescents? b) Is there a
relationship between selected demographics and the prevalence of health
risk-behaviors among Jordanian adolescent?. Sample: A convenience sample of 6oo
adolescent will be selected randomly from both private & public schools in
Irbid governorate. Instrumentation: a modified version of the Center of Disease
Control (CDC) 1999 Youth Health Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire. Plans for
data analysis: The data will be analyzed using descriptive and Correlation
analysis.
The Differences in the Levels of Labor Pain Between
Primiparae and Multiparae Jordanian Women Who Delivered Vaginally
Lubna Abu-Shaikha
Project No: 135/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1300 JD
ABSTRACT
Pain is
considered an integral part of the process of labor. Throughout the years, the
major goal of health care professionals in the field of obstetrics was to
ensure optimal childbirth with minimal pain and discomfort. The purposes of
this study are to assess and compare the levels of pain during labor between
primiparous and multiparous Jordanian women and to establish a database for
pain during labor in Jordan. With a convenience sample of 100 postnatal women,
a retrospective descriptive design will be used. Labor pain will be measured
using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and a structured interview form. Demographic
information will be gathered using a demographic questionnaire designed for
this study. Parametric tests will be used to analyze the data.
7- Faculty of Science & Art
Antibacterial Activity of Some Jordanian Medicinal Plants on
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Clinical Specimens
Mamdouh M. Meqdam, Ahmad AI-Kofahi, and
Fadia Ibrahim
Project No.: 2/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3550 JD
ABSTRACT
During the
period between February to April, 2000 a total of 100 clinical specimens were
collected from different hospitals in Amman/Jordan. The antimicrobial activity
of both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of eighteen medicinal plants belonging
to 11 families and used in traditional medicine in Jordan were tested. Extracts
of certain parts of these plants were subjected to preliminary testing against
20 pathogenic microorganisms including three reference strains ( E. coli #
25922, Staphylococcus aureus # 25923, Pseudomonas aerugenosa # 27852 ) using
the disk diffusion method. Results evaluated as the diameter of inhibition zone
of bacterial growth showed that 200 mg/ml of 18 plant extracts have
antimicrobial activity against most of the tested bacteria ( 45%) with a
significant difference between the two types of extracts. Three plants
exhibited broad spectrum activity: Rhus coriaria L., Eugenia caryophyllus L.
and Thymus vulgaris. The most susceptible bacteria was Enterobacter while the
most resistant bacteria were Klebsiella species and Staphylococcus species.
Further fractionation of the most active plants using different organic
solvents and antimicrobial testing showed that Rhus coriaria fraction number 7
and 8 is the most active ones. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the
active extracts ranged from 6.25-25 mg/ml whereas the minimum bactericidal
concentrations ranged from 12.5-50 mg/ml.
Determination of Pesticide Residue in Jordanian Surface
Water by
GC/MS
Yahya R. Tahboub, Mohammed F. Zaater,
and Ziad A. Al-Talla
Project No.: 3/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3800 JD
ABSTRACT
The development
and evaluation of an analytical method for determination of pesticide-residue
in Jordanian Surface water by Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry was
evaluated. Fifteen pesticides including Organochlorine and Organophosphorous
were selected. Optimization of various chromatographic conditions, and
extraction methods was performed. The best temperature program was between 70
and 244 C0 and the mass rang between 50 and 410 u at the TIC mode.
The method showed that Liquid-Liquid extraction with (70:30) petroleum ether:
dichloromethane is preferred over other Liquid-Liquid extraction methods with
other solvents or combination, and Solid-phase extraction methods. The method
is linear for all pesticides between (0.07-1.5) ppb. Recoveries vary between
(80%) for Malaoxon and 92% for most of studied pesticides. Analysis of (30)
surface water samples of Jordanian surface water samples of Jordanian surface
water from (15) sites indicated non-to-very low level of studied pesticides.
Destruction of Freon 12 (CF2C12) By
Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions
Rateb H. Hina, Rasha Al-Fayyoumi
Project No.: 4/2000 Amount
of Found: 4900 JD
ABSTRACT
Halogenated
alkanes are one of the chemical compounds that have drastic effects on the
depletion of Ozone layer. When these compounds go through photolysis reactions
in the upper atmosphere, they produce free radicals that consume ozone and
damage its shield. Examples of such haloalkanes are the CFC's compounds: CFCl3,
CF2Cl2, and CF2C1Br. This research
involves the preparation of supported transition metals catalysts and their
alloys. These catalysts are newly prepared and expected to have high catalytic
activity and selectivity. Also their stability will be studied and surface area
will be measured. Then, by hydrogenation reactions the reactivity and selectivity
of the catalysts will be investigated on the destruction of Freon 12 (which is
used as coolant in refrigerators and air conditioners) and the conversion of
the Freon 12 to harmless materials to the environment. Finally, by using Gas
Chromatography and Gas Chromatography/Mass spectroscopy the products will be
analyzed.
Jordanian Population Data On The PCR - Based Short Tandem
Repeat Loci-CSF1PO, TPOX,
THO1, D13S317, D7S820, & DI6539
Nabil Al-Bashir, Ahmad Batiha, Mohammed
Alazab, and Suzan Momani
Project No.: 5/2000 Amount
of Fund: 9100 JD
ABSTRACT
Genes in the
form of DNA molecules (chromosomes) are transmitted from generation to
generation. Nucleotide sequences encoded in the DNA molecule are unique to
every individual, and all the cells from a person, except for red blood cells
and sperms or eggs, contain identical sequences of nucleotides, which are the DNA subunits. Red blood cells do not have DNA,
and sex cells have half amount of DNA found in other cells. The uniqueness of
each person DNA allows the unequivocal identification of any individual, thus,
the name
DNA “fingerprinting.”
In 1990, the
amplitype STR forensic DNA
amplification and typing kit a non isotopic forensic DNA test based on the
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as introduced and made commercially available
by the cetus corporation and was qualified for forensic testing.This test
permitted amplification and detection of nine on human chromosome six. The STR
assay format, frequently described as a vertical electrophoresis’s based on detecting
alleles in amplified DNA by hybridization to sequence-specific probes that are
immobilized on a membrane. In late 1993,the STR PCR amplification and typing
kit developed by Roche Molecular Systems became commercially available.
One could ask
many questions in this field such as: what is the allele and genotype frequency
for these marker for Jordanian population? are they meet Hardy Weinberg
equilibrium? does the interbreeding between different group affect these
frequencies or not?
The aim of this
study is investigating the allele and genotype frequency distribution of these
loci in Jordanian population. Statistical analysis to determine whether allele
frequencies are in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium as well to obtain some parameters
of medicolegal interest and to confirm the usefulness of the polymarker loci in
forensic casework and paternity testing. The data will be compared with other
sample populations. such as other Caucasians, Hispanic, Afro-Americans, and
Japanese.
Subculturing
are believed to have effect on the distribution of the allele and genotype
frequencies. So comparison will be done between groups in the major group.
Another aim for this study is to examine the effects of population subdivision
of ethnic groups on the pattern of genetic variation in a total sample.
Phenotypic studies to determine whether these intra/interbreeding results in
concentrated appearance for some trait in an ethnic group.
Synthesis and Reactivity of S-Bonded Thiophene(S) Complexes,
Models for Hydrodesulfurization of Thiophenes
Mazin Y. Shatnawi, and Mohammad A.
Al-Anber
Project No.: 6/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3600 JD
ABSTRACT
Thiophenes and
other organosulfur compounds are associated with fossil fuels deposits. These
compounds have to be removed from petroleum fractions due to the deleterious
problems they cause during refining (catalyst deactivation) or the
environmentally hazardous pollutants they form upon oxidation (SOx).
Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is the catalytic removal of sulfur, as hydrogen
sulfide, from organosulfur compounds in petroleum distillates by treatment with
hydrogen over a supported metal catalyst.
In this
project, we intend to design experiments to form coordinatively unsaturated
molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W) complexes that will be reacted in situ
with the Thiophenes. The produced complexes will be characterized by several
techniques, and then be subjected to several specific reactions such as
reactions with nucleophiles (like H-) and electrophiles (like H+).
The results of this project will be used in the development, or refinement of
an HDS mechanism.
Synthesis of Sclerotigenin:
A New Antiinsectant Benzodiazepine Natural Product
Naim Al-Said, and Zakariyya Ishtaiwi
Project No.: 7/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4100 JD
ABSTRACT
Condensation of
ethyl amino acetate with isatoic anhydride in acetonitrle in the presence of
triethylamine yielded amide 1. The free amino group in amide 1 was coupled with
different benzoyl chloride derivatives 2 (X= H, NO2, N3)
in THF to from diamide 3 in respectable percentage yield. The transformation of
diamide 3 to sclerotigenin will be investigated in the final phase.
Sclerotigenin
Fluorimetric and Spectrophotometric Study of the Inclusion
Complexes of Nifedipine and Glibenclamide with Cyclodextrins in Aqueous
Solution
Nathir, A.F. AI-Rawashdeh, Idrees
AI-Momani, Khaled Shawakfeh, and Samah A. Ata
Project No.: 8/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5950 JD
ABSTRACT
As the
complexation process implies an interaction producing a protection of the
included species, the Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been used in the pharmaceutical
industry to encapsulate drugs that are sensitive of light and atmosphere and
can be easily handled and stored in powder form. Also, substances which are not
very soluble in water become more soluble in the presence of CDs.
In this
proposed project, the absorption and luminescent characteristics of the
inclusion complexes of the proposed drugs with Cyclodextrins will be
investigated, with the object of characterizing the inclusion processes involved,
and giving a clearer understanding of the factors affecting complexation, which
is of vital importance to the use of these systems for the development of new
analytical or industrial methodologies. In particular, the mechanism, the
photostability, and the formation constants of the inclusion complexes of
Cyclodextrins with proposed drugs in aqueous solution will be investigated.
Determination of Organochlorine pesticide residues in honey
via Gas chromatography / Mass spectrometry (GC / MS)
Yahya R. Tahboub, and Thaer A. Barri
Project No.: 9/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3100 JD
ABSTRACT
The development
and evaluation of an analytical method for determination of organochlorine
pesticide residues in honey by Gas chromatography / Mass spectrometry was
described. Eleven Organochlorine pesticides were selected. Optimization of
various chromatographic conditions and extraction methods was performed. The
best temperature program was between 80 C0 and 240 C0 and
the mass rang between 40 and 410 u at the TIC mode.
The method
showed that liquid- liquid extraction with 80:20: petroleum ether:
dichloromethane is preferred over other liquid-liquid extraction methods with
other solvents or combinations followed by elimination of matrix interference’s
through a cleanup step with florisil cartridges which were eluted with 50:50
hexane:dichloromethane The method is linear for all pesticides between 5 to 50
ppb and recoveries vary between 80.2 % for endrin and 110.8 % for endosulfan
(II).
Analysis of
real honey samples were carried out for eighteen locally produced samples from
six locations and five imported samples, the results indicated to non- to very
low level of studied pesticides.
Effect of Soil Amendment with Olive Mill Byproduct Under
Soil Solarization Upon Growth of Three Legumes Crops and Associated Mycorrhiza
Khalid Hameed, Muneer Al-Turk, and
Taher Assaf.
Project No.: 14/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3100 JD
ABSTRACT
Olive oil
by-products (Jift) are increasingly reaching cultivated soil. Previous
observation indicated a variable number of Mycorrhiza spore in soil treated
with such product. Present investigation was designed to reveal the impact of
those products on the Mycorrhiza associated with three different legume crops,
faba bean, chickpea, and lentil. Field and greenhouse experiments were
conducted using treated soil with the following rates of Jift, 0: 10, 1:9, 2:8,
3:7, and 4:6, on the basis of V:V ratio. Those mixtures of soil and olive mill
by-product were subjected to, fungicide (Metalaxyl, four Kg per donum), solarization,
and methyl bromide fumigation. Crop plants were sampled three times along the
duration of growing period; first at start of flowering, second at start of
podding, and the third sampling was done at physiological maturity. At each
stage one plant from each experimental unit was cut at the soil level and the
following parameters were recorded: plant height, number of branches, number of
leaves,, number of flowers, number of pod, number of seeds, plant dry weight,
number of Mycorrhiza spores in the soil, and root infection percentage.
Production of Magnesia from the Dead-Sea Water and
Carnallite
Mohammad Al-Mulqui, Isam Arafa, and
Fares Khairallah
Project No.: 16/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4200 JD
ABSTRACT
The present
research aims to study various factors (parameters) affecting the reaction of
producing Magnesia from Dead-Sea water. Parameters such as the brine
concentration, the nature of precipitating agent, the temperature and duration
of the reaction are very important in determining the quality and yield of
Magnesia.In addition, the process of manufacturing Magnesia from Carnallite (produced during Potash production)
will be tested as an alternative route. The findings of this project will be
discussed with the Arab Potash Co., and the Jordan magnesia Co. We hope that
this study will contribute positively to the chemical industries of Dead Sea.
The process
that will be followed in the production of Magnesia is based on: First,
precipitation of magnesium as the hydroxide using various bases such as (NaOH,
Ca(OH)2,CaO,Na2CO3, dolime, and organic bases
(amines)).Second calcination at different temperatures to produce various
commercial grades of Magnesia. The various parameters that may affect quality
and yield will be investigated as well as the optimum conditions (mentioned
before) required for the production of industrial grade Magnesia.
Conversion of phosphogypsum waste into Ammonium &
Potassium fertilizers
Mohammed Al-Mulqui, Isam Arafa, and
Ahmed Hijazi
Project No.: 17/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5200 JD
ABSTRACT
This
investigation is based on reacting phospho-gypsum with solutions of ammonium
carbonate to produce ammonium sulfate and limestone. Also, reactions of
phospho-gypsum with potash (KCl) from the dead sea will be investigated for the
preparation of potassium sulfate. This involves the following steps: (1)
Pretreatment of phospho-gypsum with water, to remove residual phosphoric acid
and insoluble salts. (2) Conversion of phospho-gypsum to ammonium sulfate. The
effect of temperature, PH, reaction time, and the purity of phospho-gypsum will
be examined. (3) Conversion of phospho-gypsum to potassium sulphate. The effect
of temperature, PH, and the time of the reaction will be examined.
The Effect of Methamidophos Insecticide on the Murine
Humoral Immune Response to Larval Toxocara Canis Infection
Nizar Abuharfeil, Zuhair Amr, and Ala'
Mohammed Al-Akhdar
Project No.: 19/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2100 JD
ABSTRACT
The objective
of this study is measuring the levels of anti-Toxocara canis antibody classes;
IgG and IgM in control and Methamidophos exposed mice that infected with T.
canis. And investigate the presence and levels of anti nuclear antibodies in T.
canis infected mice exposed to two different levels Methamidophos.
Groups of 40
mice will be used; one uninfected control other group infected with T. canis
only, and one uninfected and exposed to high level (1/5 LD50) of Methamidophos
the other infected and exposed to high level, and the last two groups, one
Uninfected and exposed to low level (1/10LD50) of Methamidophos the other
infected with T. canis eggs and exposed to low level.
Blood will be
collected from mice (4 mice at a time) twice/week during the first 2 weeks,
then biweekly for 2 month. Then Sera will collected from the mice and will be
tested for the presence of IgG, IgM, and ANA. By ELISA.
Application of Yeast Cells in the Measurement of
Rheumatoid Factor By "Passive" Agglutination
Nizar Abu-Harfil, and Eyad
Talal
Project No.: 20/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2350 JD
ABSTRACT
In this study,
yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae instead of latex particles were
used in rheumatoid factor kits to diagnosis rheumatoid factors by passive
agglutination. Aggregated yeast cells were removed by centrifugation in
Ficoll-hypaque solution. Tannic acid and carbodiimide methods were applied for
coating of yeast cells by purified human IgG molecules. Removal of cellular
aggregates in yeast cells suspension was achieved by using glycine buffered
saline followed by centrifugation on Ficoll-hypaque solution and the remained aggregates was 0.28%. Constant numbers of yeast cells
(12X106 cells/ىL) and different concentrations of human IgG were used
in the coating process by two different methods (tannic acid and carbodiimide).
After coating, passive agglutination was performed with serial dilutions of
anti human IgG (5 mg/mL).
A
comparison study between the coated yeast cells and commercial latex kits were
conducted to find out the precision, accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of
the new method. The new reagent is comparable to well-known international
reagents like TECO DIAGNOSTICS, and CHRONOLAB, Switzerland.).
Determination of peroxide by derivative spectroscopy
Biamperometric-segmented flow analysis
Salem Barakat, Abdul-Rahman Attyat, and
Dia Shamekh Al Rubaee
Project No.: 23/ 2000 Amount
of Fund: 4000 JD
ABSTRACT
The
determination of peroxide and hydroperoxide was achieved by using two
techniques, derivative spectroscopy and biamperometric-SFA techniques.In The
derivative spectroscopy the condition were optimized using triphenylphosphine
oxide/ triphenylphosphine couple. triphenylphosphine react with hydroperoxide
present in sample to produce triphenylphosphine oxide which is absorbed at 280
NM in the mixture of heptane –ethanol (1:3) using 2nd derivative
mode.In 2nd techniques biamperometric-segmented flow analysis system
was developed to determine the presence of peroxide and hydroperoxide by
monitoring of (Iˉ/I2 ) couple. Surfactant was used as emulsifier for oil
sample and also organic solvent chloroform-acetic acid mixture (2:3).
Reading Strategies of Advanced ESP Learners
Brenda Refaei
Project No.: 27/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2400 JD
ABSTRACT
This study
explores English as a Foreign Language students use of reading strategies and
the influence of a text's metacommunicative language. The study sought to
answer three questions, how do student's use a text's metadiscourse, what
strategies do students use to make sense of the text, and how well do these
strategies work? Students were interviewed about their reading experiences.
Verbal reports of their reading the text "Tea, Anyone" were tape
recorded and transcribed. Students were also asked to summarize each paragraph
of the text as well as answer ten true/false questions related to the text.
Students do use a text's metadiscourse for a global understanding of the text.
Most students involved in this study received little if any instruction in how
to use reading strategies while they read. The majority of strategies students
did use were related to learning new vocabulary items. These strategies worked well
to get a global understanding of the text, but not very well for a close
reading of the text as evidenced by the true/false responses. It is recommended
that EFL reading instructors include reading strategy instruction and
vocabulary instruction in the context of the text.
Preparation and Characterization of High Temperature
Superconductors (HTSCs)
Borhan Albiss, M. K. Hasan, and M. Ali
Al-Akhras
Project No.: 28/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5400 JD
ABSTRACT
Since the
discovery of high temperature superconductors (HTSCs)
in
1987, a great attention is paid to develop the preparation techniques for these
materials in the forms of polycrystals, single crystals, thin films, wires and
tapes. The three major HTSCs YBCO, BSCCO and TBCCO are called copper-oxide
superconductors HTSCs However,
these compounds suffer from major problems. One of the major problems is the
reduction of its capacity for carrying high electrical currents due to
existence of the weak links such a problem will terminate its technological
applications. Moreover, applying magnetic field will reduce the electrical
current sustains by these materials. Making good quality samples will reduce
the effect of weak links and reduce the impurities inside materials, and more
critical currents can be driven in the sample due the increase in the critical
currents (Jc). The main objectives of this project are:1) To prepare
high Tc - Superconductor samples using Solid-State Reaction method.
2) Characterization of these materials including its structural, thermal,
electrical and magnetic Properties. 3) To study the effect of magnetic field
and temperature on these properties. And 4) To study the effect of different
kinds of irradiation on these materials.
The Effect of Interactional, Classroom Peer Work on the Treatment
of Mistakes in Students’ Academic Essays
Abdullah A. Khuwaileh
Project No.: 31/2000 Amount
of Fund: 550 JD
ABSTRACT
There is a wide
body of theoretical and practical research on the importance of the writing
skill in teaching and learning Academic English. The focus of the vast majority
of this research has been on error analysis, testing, needs and evaluation of
writing. However, the purpose of this study was to measure the effect of
classroom peer work on the development of students' ability of academic essay
writing, a topic which is relatively a neglected area. By focusing on the
treatment of writing mistakes, the study gives more attention to the students'
role in developing their ability to identify their errors and to treat them
properly through a process of three stages carried out under the supervision of
their teacher (the researcher). Therefore, the study aims at reducing if not
eliminating these mistakes through classroom interaction. After establishing a
control group and an experimental one, we found that maximizing the students'
role in learning essay writing initiated very positive results on their ability
to write essays free of mistakes and even to speak to audience. The three
stages-intersectional process of essay writing was very practical in Jordan
University of Science and Technology: (hereafter JUST) where the study was
carried out. But it can be applied in other English language teaching
situations similar to that of JUST. Therefore, the process is highly recommend
in the case of teaching paragraph writing, term papers and skill integration
not only for Arab learners of English, but also for other speakers of English
who have different first languages.
Evaluation of the Reproductive and Fertility Toxic
Potentials of Aluminum Chloride on Male and Female Mice
Ahmad Batiha, Wael Khammas, and Isam
Mayyas
Projct No.: 43/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3500 JD
ABSTRACT
Adult male and
female Swiss mice will be exposed to different concentrations of AlCl via
drinking water for a period of 12 weeks. The effect of AlCl on male and female
fertility and reproduction will be assessed by using standard procedures.
Several reproductive parameters will be investigated such as the rate of
pregnancy, the number of implantation’s, the number of viable fetuses and the
number of resorptions. In treated males sperm quantity and quality will be
investigated. Testicular and ovarian histology will be conducted. The effect of
AlCl on body and organ weights for both males and females will be monitored.
The results of this work will be of grate value to assess the environmental
hazard of exposure to AlCl.
Detection of Hepatitis C Virus Antigen by PCR in Thalassemia
Nabil Al-Bashir, Musa Barqawi, and
Ahmad Jameel Bashireh
Project No.: 46/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2500 JD
ABSTRACT
The goals for
this research are to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus in
Thalassemia patients by ELISA, and to detect the presence of hepatitis C
antigen by PCR. Genotypes of hepatitis C will also be determined. Blood samples
will be collected, and hepatitis C antibodies and the antigens will be screened
using ELISA and PCR, respectively. Amplified cDNA in the positive samples will
be digested by specific restriction endonncleases for genotype determination.
Phenotype - Genotype Correlation in Thalassemia in Jordan
Nabil Al-Bashir, Musa Barqawi, and
Mohammad Jameel Salem
Project No.: 48/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2100 JD
ABSTRACT
The objective
of this research proposal is to determine the genotypes of Thalassemia patients
by using the PCR. Another objective is to investigate the relationship between
different types of mutations that cause Thalassemia with the clinical course of
the disease. Blood samples will be collected from Thalassemia patient, for Hb
electrophoresis, hematological parameters and PCR reaction for mutation
determination. These results will be correlated with the clinical course of the
disease, which will be search in the medical records for each patient.
Molecular study of local phytopathogenic Agrobacterium
strains
isolated from Northern Jordan
Fouad Al-Momani, and Sammy Al-Basheir
Project No.: 49/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3900 JD
ABSTRACT
Agrobacterium
is a plant pathogenic bacterium. The pathogenicity is due to interkingdom
genetic exchange between bacteria and plant. Part of an extrachromosomal DNA of
the pathogenic will be transferred from the bacterium to the host plant cell.
The recipient plant cell will change into malignant cell that divides without
control to form a tumor known as crown gall disease. The oncogenes of the tumor
inducing (Ti) plasmid of the pathogenic isolates was deleted and instead of
them the gene of interest such as pest drought or salinity resistance. The host
range specificity of Agrobacterium is wide or limited. Some very
important plant crops especially serial are not included as host for A.
tumefaciens some unique strains of A. tumefaciens proved their
capability to transform plant cells with any selected gene, the transformed
cells expressed the gene of interest. In this research we will conduct
microbial survey of the genus Agrobacterium from different ecological habitats
especially infected plants as grape, olive, apple, stone fruits and other
herbaceous plants. The Ti plasmid of the pathogenic isolates will be isolated
and will be used as a vector for plants improvement after being disarmed from
its oncogenes. We are anticipating a unique isolates that could be able to
transform monocot or economic plants.
Effect of Sodium Nitrite on Isolated Mouse T, B and NK
Lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro
Nizar Abu- Harfeil, and Jeehan
AL-Zeidat
Project No.: 52/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2640 JD
ABSTRACT
It is known
that chemicals may induce selective toxicity, which may alter the interaction
between immunocompetent cells, especially if the toxicity occurs during
proliferation and differentiation. Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is one of the
chemicals that has an effect on the health of both animals and humans. It is a
widely used chemical in the manufacture of drugs such as pain relieving agents,
in muscle contraction, in the food industry as a preservative, and in dye
manufacturing.
Since the
effect of sodium nitrite on separated T, B and NK lymphocytes has not been
investigated previously, this research aims to investigate the effect of sodium
nitrite on the proliferation of isolated lymphocytes of mice both in vivo
and in vitro exposure. Subtoxic doses of sodium nitrite will be administered
orally, and serial dilutions of sodium nitrite will be added in vitro to
isolated lymphocytes using glucose consumption and MTT tetrazolium methods to
measure the proliferative activity of lymphocytes.
Family Environment and Self-Concept of PalestinianYouth
Living in Jordanian Refugee Camps
Fayez Al-Smadi
Project No.: 58/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
This paper reports
the findings from a study of some Palestinian youth living in Jordanian camps
that are considered economically distressed social environments. Variables of
interest included parental relationships, family functioning, and self-concept.
Results indicate that parent adolescent relationships are within the normal,
expected functional range although difficulties that reflect a more
authoritarian parenting style are apparent. The self-concept of this population
is moderate negative. The overall quality of family life appears to be
diminished, with a distinct tendency toward more rigid and disengaged patterns
of interaction. The results are discussed in reference to socio-cultural
differences.
Wild Mushrooms, 'Fleshy Fungi' in Jordan, in a Field Manual
and the Possibility of Their Cultivation for Human and Animal Consumption
Rashad Al-Natour, Khalid M. Hameed, and
Ismail Saadoun
Project No.: 64/2000 Amount
of Fund: 7900 JD
ABSTRACT
Wild mushrooms
or 'Fleshy Fungi' is a generic name widely used for centuries to designate a
group of organisms encountered by man, in the wilderness, whenever enough
moisture, organic derbies and suitable temperature prevails. Those fungi
constituted part of human and animal food, medicinal uses and witch crafting,
and poisoning throughout man life history. Biologically, they are part of the
diversity the wild inhabitants of the environment on our planet, Earth. They
represent significant links in the food chain and natural cycles of matter in
our environment, as well. Therefore, they are one of the components of the
natural wealth and resources of all nations. Thus, nations around the globe
have been competing in putting out field manuals, describing the habitat,
seasonal appearance, and distribution of their fungi, as well as their
significance to man and other organisms. Many of those fungi have been
domesticated in agricultural farming industry of mushroom production, and many
others were utilized in aiding and facilitating proper growth productivity of
plant crops as mycorrihae fungi. The present project was put aiming to document
the natural national wealth of wild fungi in Jordan and investigate the
possibility of domesticating some of the endogenous edible mushrooms. It also
aims to utilize some of those fungi in the bioconversion of some of the
abundant organic by-products and waste material in Jordan as a source of
protein for animal feed ingredient.
Fabrication of an Improved Zinc Oxide Thin Films Doped with
Silicon for Energy-Stored Antireflection Optical Coating and Solar Cells
Adnan Shariah, and Ahmad A. Omari
Project No.: 75/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3100 JD
ABSTRACT
Varieties of
thin films deposition techniques were employed to enhance efficient optical
coatings to solar cell windows such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD). They
are of considerable interest in the applications to the optical coatings,
liquid-crystal display units, solar cell windows, heat-mirror materials and
semiconductor gas sensors. Optimization to the experimental conditions will be
made to achieve highly oriented microstructure with high optical reflectivity.
These films are expected to be promising for applications to coated solar cell
windows for improved energy saving efficiency. The objectives of this research
are:
1- Establish a general purpose thin film coating
laboratory which can be utilized not only to this project but also will serve
almost every project in this university based on thin films production.
2- Developing coating materials such as zinc
oxide which is most convenient for solar cells and antireflection
Propose the
results of this research and the thin film technology to the local industry.
Coating the Biomedical Titanium Alloys and Stainless Steel
by Extremely Thin Films of Diamond –Like Carbon (DLC) Material to Eliminate or Highly
Reduce the Failure of Bone-Based Orthopedic Implanted Organs in the Human Body
Ahmad A. Omari, Hamid Aziz, Mohammad
Mesmar, and Akram Rousan.
Project No.: 76/2000 Amount
of Fund: 6600 JD
ABSTRACT
The screws,
plates and metal-joins used in orthopedic treatment (internal fixation) for
human bone fractures are usually made of the biomedical titanium alloy and
stainless steel material. The mechanical and chemical interactions of the
implants with the blood cells, tissues and bones causes a production of wear
particles on the implants surfaces which normally fail to last in the human
body. This requires a bone refracturing process to replace the implants causing
human pain and suffering as well as high money-waste on the national scale. The
reliability of the implants will be increased several times by coating them
with an inert and very adhesive improved diamond like carbon (DLC) thin films.
We expect to reduce the orthopedic treatment coast as well as to eliminate or
highly reduce the human pain and suffering as a result of exploring a basic
research on improving DLC material. Our collaboration with the local industry
will be expected to be promoted by proposing a new, low cost and reliable
biomedical alloys or compatible metals. This brings the hope of exporting
rather than importing such implants and instrumentation in this field.
Systematic and Ecological Investigation of the freshwater
Algae of Jordan
Adil Y. Al-Handal, and Ismail Saadoun
Project No.: 80/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4000 JD
ABSTRACT
The work aims
to contribute to the knowlegde on floristic of the algae in Jordanian water
systems. The work is still in its practical part. A number of samples were collected
from several freshwaters including Azraq oasis, King Talal Reservoir, lake of
Wadi Al-Arab dam and some other regions. Ecological parameters are also
continuously measured. A number of taxa have been identified including several
groups such as cyanobacteria, chlorophyta, euglenophyta.. etc. Water quality is
also monitoredf depending on both algal and environmental data.
Changes in Plasma Level of Homocysteine in Cancer Patients
Nabil Al-Bashir, Nezar Abu Harfeel, and
Talat Tareq Khaleel
Project No.: 83/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
The objective
of this research proposal is to determine the level of total homocysteine as a
risk factor in cancer patients by ELISA. Blood samples will be collected from
breast cancer patients, and prepared, microplates will be coated with the
proper reagent, homocysteine will be converted to S-adenosyl-L-homocystein by
enzymatic treatment and finally immunoassay will be performed.
Thermal and Structural Analysis of High Temperature
Superconductors
Akram Rousan, and Borhan Albiss
Project No.: 84/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2100 JD
ABSTRACT
The field of
superconductivity, once a mere laboratory curiosity, has moved into the realm
of applied science in the recent years. Even more applications may become
possible because of the discovery o high temperature superconductors (HTSCs)
with ceramic nature. The high temperature superconductors (HTSCs) are very
complex materials to begin with, and when partial substitution of particular
elements is added they become even more a challenge to comprehend. It is an art
form to make good-quality HTSC materials since materials of any specified
composition can be made by many different routes, and characteristics of HTSCs
often reflects the preparation techniques. The main objectives of this research
are: 1. Preparation of high Tc - superconductor samples using
Solid-State Reaction method (Namely, we will prepare YBCO, TBCO, BSCCO, HBCCO).
2. Characterization of these materials including its structural and thermal
properties using X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis (DTA). 3.
Applying different environmental conditions during the preparations and observe
its structural and thermal effects.
On the Existence of Solutions for a Class of First Order
Differential Equations
Kamel Al-Khaled
Project No.: 86/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
In this paper,
a system of first order differential equations with linear constraint is
studied. Existence theorems for the solution are proved under some conditions.
Some uniqueness and dependence results for the system are also obtained. Some
applications are given.
Flow injection - Specctiontrophotometer Determination of
Molybdenum
Salem Barakat, and Tariq Yassin Mahmoud
Project No.: 89/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1700 JD
ABSTRACT
Molybdenum
(Mo.) (0 – 150 ug/ml) in aqueous samples has been determined after extraction
of it as Molybdenum thiocyanate complex in chloroform using dimethyl distearyl
ammonium chloride as ion paring reagent,the absorbence of the yellow complex
was determined spectrophotomtrically at 464 nm the optimum conditions were
determined. The molar absorptivity was (1.885 *104 ) L/mole. cm at
464nm. the ion – pair stable up to 3 days at room temperature.the ion pair
composition is (1:2) Mo: R+ & the relative standard deviation is
0.5%.
Preparation and Substitution Reactions of CpFe(CO)2SeS(O)2R
(Cp= C5H5; R= alkyl or aryl)
Mohammad El-khateeb, and Tara Obidat
Project No.: 106/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3200 JD
ABSTRACT
This proposal
aims to prepare a series of iron selenosulfonate complexes and their
substituted products. The selenosulfonate complexes, 1 will be prepared by the
reaction of the iron selined with alkyl or aryl sulfonyl chlorides (Scheme 1).
These complexes will be react photolytically with EPh3 to give the
corresponding substituted products CpFe(CO)(EPh3)SeSO2R, 2 (Scheme 1).
Correlative Study of the Effect of Honey and Known
Antibiotics on the Growth and Cytotoxin Production of Helicobacter Pylori
Abd-Al-Karim Sallal, Nizar Abu-Harfeil,
and Nimer Abu-Ahmad.
Project No.: 107/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
Helicobacter
pylori
is a pathogen that infect the stomach of population in Jordan and the world.
The bacteria have several colonization factors which enable it to be available
in the acidic environment. These microaerophilic bacteria have a strong
relationship to gastric cancer and ulceration by its cytotoxin associated gene
A product which have been secreted under specific conditions. In our research
we are isolate the pathogen from patients who have selected for endoscopy, the
biopsy specimens are transported by specific media and formalin for culture and
histopathology examination respectively. After inoculation for 48 hours;
Helicobacter colonies identification were done by microscopical and biochemical
examination. We are going to see the effect of honey and known antibiotics such
as tetracyclin, Amoxicillin and clarithromycin in different concentration on
growth and cytotoxin A production in vitro. We hope to find inhibition of
growth by honey application at specific dilution and to eliminate the cytotoxin
secretion.
Ecological and Physiological Studies on Nitrogen-Fixing
Microorganisms in non Leguminous Plants
Abdul-Karim J.Sallal, and Yousef
Abu-Zeitoun
Project No.: 108/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
Various root
nodules from nonleguminous plants were collected from different areas in
Jordan, then selected nodules were surface sterilized, homogenized in sterile
water and spread on Yeast Extract mannitol Agar plates (YEMA). For each nodule
a single colony was selected and restreaked on (YEMA) plates and checked for
Purity. Pure cultures obtained were maintained on agar slants for nodulation
test to identify the isolated bacteria.
The effect of
different environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, N2-free
habitat and carbon source on the growth of certain N2 fixing bacteria
were tested. Nitrogen fixation was assayed for certain selected species using
acetylene reduction method. Also the amount of ammonia released into the medium
was measured.
New Approach to the Synthesis of Metallic Clusters Dispersed
into a Variety of Polysilazane, Polysiloxazane and Polycabosilazane Matrices
Isam Arafa, and Mohammed Al-Anbar
Project No.: 109/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1500 JD
ABSTRACT
A series of
organosilicon based polymers have been prepared and characterized by
spectroscopic (FT-IR, UV-visible, EPR) and thermal techniques (TGA). These
materials include polysilazane, poly-silyldimethylglyoxime, polycarbosilazane
and polysiloxanes. Chromium chloride and acetate salts have been successfully
incorporated into these matrices. These matrices offer a variety of
coordination environments for chromium (III) metal ions. Chemical reduction
and/or electrochemical of Cr (III) to metallic Cr (0) is underway. Preliminary
results indicate that ultra-fine metallic chromium particles uniformly dispersed
into these matrices are achieved. The physical, chemical and catalytic
properties of these systems will be evaluated.
A Cross-Disciplinary Genre Analysis of the Rhetorical
Patterns of Academic Research Proposals
Mohammed Nahar Al-Ali
Project No.: 110/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1500 JD
ABSTRACT
The purpose of
this proposed research is to offer a description of the recurrent rhetorical
structure of research proposals selected from different disciplines and to find
out what generic patterns occur across disciplines as well as to outline a
basic template for the structuring of research proposals as an academic work.
To accomplish these objectives, most of the research proposals will be drawn
from JUST University in Jordan. I will only consider real examples of research
proposals submitted to different research institutes and faculties of
scientific research. This type of research might be of value to readers who
perceive themselves as having difficulty in writing proposals and which can
provide the bare minimum structuring which can be included in research
proposals.
Performance Evaluation of a Decoupled Multithreaded
Architecture
Basel A. Mahafzah
Project No.: 111/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1200 JD
ABSTRACT
Multithreaded
architectures hold the promise of an elegant execution paradigm with the
ability to exploit inherent parallelism in applications. Multithreaded has been
touted as the solution to minimize the loss of CPU cycles due to memory latency
and other operations requiring access to remote resources. This research
proposal is an attempt to optimize and evaluate the performance of a decoupled
multithreaded architecture. To evaluate and improve the performance of this
architecture, our investigation will focus on three categories: 1)
architectural optimizations by extending the instruction set and the simulation
environment. 2) Compiler optimizations by using some optimization tool to
extend the compiler scope. 3) Superscalar implementations by extending the
architecture to include multiple synchronization pipelines and execution
pipelines.
Field Study of Vistor-Local Cross-Cultural Interaction at
Jerash-Gerasa
Basem E. Al-Atom
Project No.: 112/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1150 JD
ABSTRACT
Although the
Roman ruins at Jerash remain a major tourist site for foreigners, tourists do
not remain to visit or interact substantially nor does the local community seem
to provide inviting facilities for such cross-cultural interaction.
The failure of
closer interaction gives rise to several related and inter-related problem areas
as stated below: (1) Loss of tourist revenue, (2) Maintenance and reinforcement
of stereotypes & (3) Loss of educational and globalizational opportunity.
The objective
of the research field project is a report, which identifies what may be called
the "barrier issues". Barrier issues are those phenomena, which
prevent more fruitful contact between foreign visitor and Jerashi residents. By
identifying these issues, steps may be taken to overcome each of the problems
identified above.
The methodology
for identifying the barrier issues falls into three types: interviews,
participant observation, and contextual analysis. As noted the goal is a report
on the barrier issues to further interaction between Jerashi residents and
foreign visitors. It is expected that this can be a basis for policy
formulation, Locally and nationally, regarding tourism and cultural
interaction. The solutions suggested for this situation include the most
immediate -- encouragement by tour groups -- to wider global efforts against
hostile stereotypes.
Genetic Study of the Hereditary Deafness in Jordan
Amjad Mahasneh
Project No.: 113/2000 Amount
of Fund: 6100 JD
ABSTRACT
Hearing loss
(deafness) affects large number of people all over the world. Heredity is the
most important factor in the cause of hearing impairment in humans. It has been
estimated that more than half of all cases of childhood deafness has a genetic
cause. Deafness is one of the most common disabilities in Jordan. It received
little attention from the Jordanian scientists. Therefore, this study will be
launched to gain more insight to the problem of hereditary deafness in Jordan
and to help understand the nature and function of genes that cause hearing
problems. The specific objectives of this project are: (1) To study various
hearing impairments in Jordan. (2) To determine the pattern of inheritance of
the non-syndromic deafness in the families of the infected individuals. (3) To
map the gene(s) which cause hearing loss in those individuals. (4) To isolate
possible responsible disease genes, study their function and determine the kind
of mutation that caused deafness.
Understanding Cultural and Linguistic Identity in
Tele-working and Electronic Communication
Zahra Mustafa, and Konrad Morgan
Project No.: 114/2000 Amount
of Fund: 500 JD
ABSTRACT
The goal of
this project is to study the computer mediated interactions between teams and
individuals from extremely diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. In
particular, it aims to determine the sets of activities, behaviors and
attitudes that are most conducive to positive or successful computer mediated
cross cultural interactions between Jordanian and Norwegian university
students. The research question will be addressed by a series of projects where
representative groups from populations with diverse cultural and linguistic
backgrounds will interact together in computer mediated environment. The
research question will be addressed in a controlled manner which will permit
the systematic manipulation of the cultural and linguistic differences
represented among the subject populations available. This will permit our
experimental conditions to closely match the set of real world situations faced
by international commerce and education. It is hoped that this study will shed
light on those factors which lead to successful cross-cultural communication
using new technologies.
Use of 16S rDNA in Molecular Identification of
Antibiotic-Producing Soil Streptomyces Strains Isolated from
Different Habitats in Jordan
Ismail Saadoun, and Raad Gharaibeh
Project No.: 115/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2600 JD
ABSTRACT
Over the years,
numerous taxonomic methods have been applied with the aim of identifying and
characterizing Streptomyces strains. However most of these methods are
time-consuming, expensive, involve intensive labor work, and sometimes give
ambiguous results. Since these microorganisms are so important in antibiotic
production, a selective method for detecting and identifying them is needed.
Therefore, the purpose of this work is to setup a molecular system to detect
and identify such organisms by combining diagnostic amplification of 16S
ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (ribosomal RNA genes) using genus-specific primers derived
from highly conserved regions of Streptomyces’ 16S rDNA by PCR and
RAPD-PCR technique. The differences and similarities of antibiotic producing
soil Streptomyces strains will be also analyzed. Furthermore, this study
aims to test if antibiotic production by Strepomyces is correlated with
the taxonomic status and the geographical distribution of the producer.
Prevalence and Typing of Enteric Adenovirus 40 and 41 in
Children Hospitalized with Diarrhea in Princess Rahma Hospital - North Jordan
Using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Enzymes Analysis
Mamdoh Meqdam, Amjad Mahasneh, and Raed
Khalil
Project No.: 121/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2600 JD
ABSTRACT
Human
adenoviruses were first described in 1973. Adenoviruess are the second most
important cause of infantile gastroenteritis world wide, and vaccine
development is recognized as imperative. Literature review showed that
adenoviruses account 2-13% of all cases of gastroenteritis.
During the
period between December 19, 1998 to December 11, 1999, sex hundred fecal
specimens were collected from children under fifteen years of age diagnosed as
patients with gastroenteritis. The specimens were screened for the presence of
adenovirus group F by using specific ELISA kits (Novum/Germany). Seventy-five
specimens were found positive for enteric adenovirus. Characterization of adenovirus
40,41 was achieved by using polymerize chain reaction. Restriction enzyme was
used to ACCI differentiate between ad 40 and ad 41 (ACCI can cut ad 41 only in
specific site).
Jordan and the Peace Process in the Middle East
Ghazi Saleh Nahar.
Project No.: 143/2000 Amount
of Fund: 350 JD
ABSTRACT
King Hussein,
who ruled Jordan for more than four decades, was intimately involved in the
Arab Israeli conflict and often played a central role in it. Under his
leadership, Jordan fought two wars with Israel including the 1967 war, which
cost Jordan control of the West Bank and East Jerusalem. The defeat also led to
an influx of Palestinian refugees to Jordan who today compose about half of its
population.
In the mid
1990s both Jordan and Israel signed a peace agreement ending about 46 years of
war and strained relations. Both states agreed to seek a just lasting and
comprehensive peace based on UN Resolutions 242 and 338. But since taking the
role in February 1999,King Abdullah, the son of King Hussein, has said little
about the Peace Process. Instead he has gone on official tours to the Arab
states and has tried to build better relations with Syria which long was
bitterly at odds with his father over Jordan's separate peace with Israel.
This article
will explain and examine the reasons behind the Jordanian decision toward Peace
Process in the Middle East.
Numerical Solutions for Some Mathematical Population Growth
Models
Kamel Al-Khaled
Project No.: 146/2000 Publication
Support
ABSTRACT
In this paper we
use sinc methods to find an approximate solution of the model equation for a
population growth in a closed system. The method depends upon replacing the
differential equation by an explicit system of algebraic equations. It is shown
that sinc procedure converges to the solution at an exponential rate. Numerical
examples are used to illustrate the implementation and the accuracy of the
procedure.
Finding Exact Solution for Evolution Equation
Ameina S. Nuseir
Project No.: 153/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1800 JD
ABSTRACT
In this
research, I will study the classical and non-classical symmetry reductions of a
nonlinear Evolution partial differential equation due to Calogero to construct
exact solutions. Special mathematical programs will be used to help in finding
these exact solutions.
Detection and Study of A Species Composed of High Density
Lipoprotein-Albumin Complex in Fresh Human Blood
Ragheb Atmeh
Project No.: 154/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
Albumin is
present in association with some abnormal lipoprotein particles such as the
Lp-X which usually appears in the blood of patients with cholestasis
(Danielsson et. Al., 1975). Colvin et al. reported very recently (October 99)
that small HDL particles in monkeys are transformed into larger HDL particles
in vivo and this conversion occurs outside the blood circulation before
they re-enter the circulation at a later time. Zhao and Marcel (1996), reported
that albumin is a significant intermediate in cholesterol transfer between
cells and lipoproteins in vitro. The presence of albumin in association
with normal lipoprotein particles is not reported yet. Our results suggest the
possibility of the existence of such particles in human blood. Such finding is
new and will contribute to the better understanding of the physiological role
of albumin and HDL in cholesterol transport and their relation to
atherosclerosis.
A portion of
the blood HDL in hyperlipidemic patients leaks into the interstitial fluid and
re-appears in the circulation via the lymphatic system after few days. An
association complex between albumin and an HDL subfraction is expected to initiate
the process of ‘excess
cholesterol removal’ from vascular
wall cells and this complex, is expected to be the albumin form with a
molecular weight of 112,000
Academic Staff and Instructors Attitude Toward Distance
Learning
Yousef Eyadat
Project No.: 155/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1300 JD
ABSTRACT
Education is
one of the most important institutions in every country. It is of greater
importance to countries in the process of economic development. Without
educated people, development is limited and nation becomes dependent on
expatriate personnel to support growth business and industry. Research studies
reported that Interactive Television Technology (ITT) provides an educational
experience for the students, which is comparable to, or better than that found
in traditional classroom.
ITT is
currently used throughout the world at all levels of education. ITT is giving
students in small communities the same opportunities for an education found in
the larger school systems in the more populated cities. This study will
investigate the practicality of using ITT in remote geographic locations for
higher education, specifically Jordan. The objective is to identify the way in
which it is used, the benefit it is provide, and the problems that may be
encountered in its use in remote location. The study will then consider these
finding and relate them to the feasibility of using ITT in remote villages in
Jordan.
The study ought
to answer four questions, these questions are viewed as being of significant
importance as the introduction of ITT in the education system. This education
system will have little success unless supported by academic staff and
instructors as most studies conclude that providing higher education in
distance education programs requires team effort, that of both academic staff
and instructors.
The methodology
will be used for this research, investigation the current use of ITT in higher
education systems. The researcher will develop a questionnaire for academic
staff and instructors in Jordan University of Science & Technology to
collect data regarding perception and attitude of educators as to the
introduction of ITT into remote communities in Jordan to provide higher
education.
On Paracompact and D-Spaces
Samer Al Ghour
Project No.: 156/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1300 JD
ABSTRACT
The concept of
paracompactness as a covering property was introduced first by Dieudonne in
1944. Paracompact spaces play a vital role in topology as a generalization of
both metric spaces and compact spaces. It retains enough structure to enjoy
many of the properties of compact spaces, yet sufficiently general to include a
much wider class of spaces. In this project, we will study some generalizations
of paracompactness. The main objectives of this research are: To obtain an
affirmative answer of the question that raised by Borges and Wehrly. Namely,
are paracompact spaces D-spaces or not?
The Role of Indole-3- Acetic Acid in Host - Parasite
(Orobanche) Interaction
Khalid Hameed, Reda Khawaldeh, and Amal
Harb
Project No.: 157/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2900 JD
ABSTRACT
Orobanche
(halook) is one of the parasitic weed plants, which causes great losses in
commercial crops. That parasitic plant attacks the broadleaf plants such as;
tomato, beans, carrot, peas,..., etc. It was found to be problematic a long
time ago since the year 1600, and from that time every possible control method
was conducted, but no method was shown to be effective. So orobanche problem is
still threaten our crops, and an effective economic control method is a must.
Indole-3-acetic
acid was first found to be involved in host-orobanche interaction in the year
1973 based on histological studies. Then it was further detected in 1994 using
the Avena coleoptyle test (bioassay). This indicated that further work is
needed to reveal the role of IAA in host-orobanche interaction, that may leads
to a possible control method of such parasite.
Through this
research we must first collect appreciable amount of tubercle tissue (the
infection site), then a bioassay test using Avena plant will be conducted to
verify IAA presence in the tubercle tissue. After that more accurate
quantitative methods will be used such as; GC_MS, thin layer chromatography,
immunoassays, and gel electrophoresis for precise and accurate IAA measurement.
Next IAA inhibitors will be used to reveal the importance of IAA in
host-orobanche interaction. Finally, to determine the source of IAA in such
interaction, radiolabeled IAA will be applied on plant tissue and detected by
the scintillation counter. In addition to ordinary host plants (tomato, pea,
broad bean), a new plant Arabidopsis with its normal and mutant versions will
be subjected to orobanche infection, to get an insight on IAA role at a
molecular level.
Application of Passive Agglutination Technology Using Yeast
Cells: (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) in C-Reactive Protein Test
Nizar Abu-Harfeel, and Khalid Khaleel
Project No.: 170/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2500 JD
ABSTRACT
This is a
comparative study designed to examine the application of yeast cells
(Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) instead of using the traditional latex particles for
the detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) in patient sera. Tanned method will
be used to coat yeast cells with anti-human CRP specific serum prepared by
rabbit injection with human CRP antigen. The agglutination test of the prepared
Ig-yeast reagent and CRP will be standardized by using different concentrations
of CRP. 100 samples of patient sera will be used for evaluating the prepared
Ig-yeast reagent. Specificity & sensitivity of this new method for
detecting CRP by yeast cells will be calculated and compared with those comp up
from the application of the traditional latex method.
Utilization of Biotechnological Techniques in Studying
Effects of Olive Oil Mills By-Products on the Biodiversity of Soil Microflora
and Their Biodegradation
Khalid Hameed, Ismael Sa’doun, and
Juwan Ibbeeni
Project No.: 171/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
With the
increase in olive tree plantation, and olive extraction. Large quantities of
olive mill by-products (jifit and zebar) accumulate in the surrounding
environment. It is noticed that these products sometimes reach the agricultural
soils. Because of their high organic load these products are expected to cause
a change in the microbial population in contaminated soils.
The present
investigation aims to study the impact of olive mill wastes (OMW) upon the
microbial biodiversity of soil microflora, and the biodegradation of those
materials by the prevailing organisms, there after. In order to achieve these
conventional methods of plating and counting is used to isolate and
characterize the dominant species. Some of those dominant organisms will be further
analyzed for their biodegradation potential and metabolic activity to compare
them with previously known degraders. Molecular technology will also be used to
directly identify the dominating organisms from soil samples, by choosing a
species specific DNA primers we will be able to monitor the abundance of these
isolates in the fields contaminated with these by-products. We are expecting to
find a novel organism(s) that has a potential to degrade these waste materials.
These isolates will be recommended in studies concerning Bioconversion,
disposal treatment and bioremediation in prospects.
Differentiation and Genetic Characterization of Leishmanisa
Isolates Based on PCR & Restriction Enzyme Analysis
Laila Nimri
Project No.: 172/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3700 JD
ABSTRACT
Cutaneous
leishmaniasis is endemic in many countries including Jordan. Certain species
such as L.tropica may spread and cause visceral leishmanisis. The
identification of the causative spp. is essential for choosing the proper
treatment and control of disease. The detection of the parasite is difficult
due to the low numbers of the parasite, similar morphologies of Leishmania
species, and the similarity between symptoms with other diseases. This study
will use the polymerase chain reaction to detect the parasite in clinical
specimens from patients diagnosed by the physician. The restriction enzyme
analysis will be used on the isolated DNA to detect the genetic variations
between species. This is the first study that will use molecular techniques to
compare between the various old world species of Leishmania and will
investigate the association between genetic variations and the severity of the
disease.
Synthesis of Directed-DNA Alkylation Agents
Naim Al-Said, Khaled Shawakfeh, and
Wasim Abdullah
Project No.: 173/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2100 JD
ABSTRACT
The prime
objective of this research is to develop a short synthetic strategy to DNA
alkylating agents containing cyclopropane-indole subunit exists in several
naturally occurring antitumor antibiotics. The synthesis of tetracyclic
compound 8 has not been reported. This compound has several structural features
that might increases its stability as well as the alkylating ability of duplex
DNA. Starting from commercially available 5-bromosalysaldehyde 1, indole
derivative 4 could be synthesized that could lead us to pyrrole-indole system
7. The final step would be the formation of the cyclopropane ring using
different methods.
Kinetic
Studies on the Oxidation of Organic Sulfides by H2O2: Activation by
Polyoxometalates Catalysts
Ahmad M. Ajlouni, Mohammad El-Khateeb,
and Tariq M. Al-Daiafla
Project No.: 196/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
For many
reasons, hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, has been considered as
the best oxidizing agent. It is an environmentally safe, available, cheap and
stable oxidant. Due to its
amphoteric nature, it can be activated by acidic and basic metal catalysts.
In this study,
we are intending to study the oxidation of organic disulfides by H2O2,
in the presence of polyoxometal catalysts. The activation of H2O2
by the transition metal catalysts will be investigated in organic and
semi-aqueous media. The kinetic of the oxidation of organic sulfides by H2O2
catalytic systems will be carried out under homogeneous conditions. Mechanisms
for these reactions will be proposed based on the kinetic data and the reaction
products. The application of this method on removal of organic sulfides from
oil or wastewater.
8- Faculty of Agriculture
Evaluation of Zeolite as a Horticultural Substrate for
Indoor Plants
Nabila Karam, and Nabil Al-Lataifeh
Project No.: 12/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5600 JD
ABSTRACT
Zeolite is a
volcanic ash formed as a result of rapid cooling of magma and reaction with
saline water. This material is composed primarily of hydrogen, oxygen,
aluminum, and silicon, which are arranged in a manner that gives a honeycomb
framework of channels and cavities. This allows zeolite to absorb up to 70% of
its dry weight water and release it slowly to plant roots. Zeolite has the
ability to exchange cations, selectively adsorb certain heavy metals, and
adsorb and slowly release elements that are beneficial to plants. In addition,
zeolite has the potential of reducing NH3
volatilization and NO3- leaching losses. This material is
found in Jordan in huge and unlimited amounts and may have potential uses in
horticulture. The objective of this study is to assess the potential use of
zeolite as a horticultural substrate for container-grown indoor plants. To
achieve this objective, plant growth in zeolite-containing substrates will be
evaluated. Furthermore, irrigation and fertilizer requirements of plants grown
in substrates containing zeolite will be determined.
Effect of Addition of Royal Jelly on Survival and Post-Thaw
Motility of Ram Spermatozopa
Mustafa Q. Husein Beni-Domi, and Rami
T. Kridli
Project No.: 25/2000 Amount
of Fund: 1440 JD
ABSTRACT
The objective
of the study is to examine the effect of addition of royal jelly (RJ) to semen
extenders on survival, post-thaw motility and overall quality of ram
spermatozoa. Semen was collected from 5 mature Awassi rams and primarily
evaluated for gross motility, color, volume and concentration. Only ejaculates
with good wave motion were used. Aliquots of semen were diluted 3-5 folds at 30
Co, using Tris-citrate diluent. Fractions of diluted semen were
treated by addition of RJ concentration. Results indicate that addition of RJ
at certain concentration has an impact on primary evaluation parameters of ram
semen.
Artificial Insemination Results of Awassi Ewes Bred with
Fresh Semen of Rams of Exotic Breeds (Charollais and Romanov) in Jordan
Y. Abdullah, R. T. Kridli, M. Muwalla,
and S. 1. Said
Project No.: 85/2000 Amount
of Fund: 6000 JD
ABSTRACT
The aim of the
experiment was the observation and evaluation of Al results of Awassi ewes bred
with fresh semen of rams of two exotic breeds (Romanov and Charollais) imported
from Czech Republic to Jordan. 120 Awassi ewes of different ages (2-8 years)
were included in the experiment from which 10 ewes were culled due to
insufficient condition and high age. Ewes were housed on the JUST university
farm in Irbid. Ewes received 0.5 kg of concentrate mixture and, 1 kg of wheat
straw per ewe per day. Salt lick and drinking water were available ad libitum.
Estrus was synchronized in 110 ewes. Synthetic intravaginal progestagen sponges
were used (40 mg Chrono.gest, Intervet, Holland). Sponges were removed 12 days
following insertion. 500 i.u. dose of PSMG was administered (i.m.) at the time
of sponge removal. Ewes were inseminated with fresh semen of exotic rams of
both breeds at 50 and 60 h post sponge removal. Semen was collected using
electroejaculation. Ewes were inseminated in July and August. Two
reinseminations of ewes of experimental herd were done. 70 ewes became
pregnant. Non-pregnant ewes were served by Awassi ram and 25 of them became
pregnant. Fertility results obtained were evaluated by variation analysis using
PC STATGRAPHICS program. Effects of genotype, age of ewes and live weight of
dams during insemination on fertility were analyzed. The overall results
indicate that ewe conception rate was 86.4%, fertility percentage per ewe of
the foundation stock 104.5% and fertility percentage per ewe lambed 121 % were
found.
Impact of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) as a Smother Plant on
Corn (Zea Mays) and Weeds
Hani ghosheh, abdullah Yusef, and Emad
Y. Bsoul
Project No.: 137/2000 Amount
of fund: 2200 JD
ABSTRACT
Smother plants
are specialized cover or mulch species selected to suppresses weeds without
reducing main crop yield. A smother plant capable of effectively suppressing
weedy species would give producers and alternative weed control method. An
effective smother plant could provide a non-chemical weed control option and
also reduce soil erosion. Spring seeded smother plant would not be winter
hardy, and management inputs would not be as great as winter annual species,
provided a herbicide application to regulate smother plant growth was not
necessary. The use of smother plants in corn production in Jordan is not common
or documented. Therefore, our main objective is to investigate the possibility
of using such as practice.
Variation in Germination and Early Root Growth Characters in
Some Forage Legume Species as Affected by Drought Stress
Ghazi Karaki, and Ayman Momani
Project No.: 142/2000 Amount
of Fund: 4500 JD
ABSTRACT
Annual forage
legumes such as common vetch, narbon vetch and karsaneh are the most popular
forage legume species grown in Jordan. However, forage production of these
legume species is not sufficient to meet farmer needs. Therefore, utilization
of some adapted forage legumes such as vicia villosa, Medicago rotata and
Medicago scutellata which are grew wild in many regions of Jordan like Ajloun
area is desirable. Forage crop improvement in the Mediterranean region which is
affected by adverse climatic conditions (e.g. drought stress), requires
cultivars and ecotypes adapted to these harsh environmental conditions. The
effect of unfavorable weather is probably more critical during germination and
early seedling development stages than any other stage of vegetative growth.
High evaporation rates due to high temperatures and low soil moisture content
may occur during the common sowing time of crops (e.g., common vetch) in
Mediterranean countries, resulting in rapid drying of surface soils after being
moistend and cause a marked decrease in water potential. Therefore, plants
grown in these environments should have the ability to develop a root system
rapidly after seed germination has occurred in order to ensure a continuous
water supply for transpiration and growth. No information are available about
the effects of drought stress on germination and early root growth characters
of forage legume species grown in Jordan. Therefore, this study is designed to
investigate the effects of drought stress on germination and early root growth
characters of four forage legume species (3 wild and one cultivated).
In Vitro Propagation and Secondary Metabolite Production in
Sage (Salvia fruticosa L.)
Nabila Karam, Fawzeyyah Jawad, and
Nasir Oraiqat
Project No.: 179/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2650 JD
ABSTRACT
Salvia
fruticosa (Meyramia), an aromatic herb with medicinal constituents, is
widespread in Jordan. One of these medicinal constituents is diterpene, which
possesses ethnomedical (hypotensive, spasmolytic, cardiatonic, diaphoretic),
tumor inhibitor ability, and antibiotic and antioxidant activities. Other
constituents are volatile oils, which have carminative action, antispasmodic
activity, and antiseptic properties. Salvia fruticosa is propagated by seeds
and stem cuttings. However, conventional propagation before active components
are extracted has some limitations. Recently, attempts have been directed
towards increasing secondary metabolite production in vitro by manipulation of
factors that play a role in biosynthesis of these metabolites. In this project,
a protocol for in vitro propagation of this plant will be developed. In vitro
secondary metabolite (diterpene and/or volatile oils) production will be
enhanced through manipulation of culture media and/or growth regulators. A
comparison between in vitro plants and wild grown plants for secondary
metabolite production will be established.
Use of Sewage Sludge for Improving Soil Fertility and Crop
Production and its Impact on the Environment
Munir Rusan, and Bayan Athamneh
Project No.: 199/2000 Amount of Fund: 4000 JD
ABSTRACT
Large amount of sewage sludge is
produced during the treatment of domestic and industrial wastes in sewage
treatment plants. Our sewage carries more than human manure and urine,
industrial waste, household, cleaners, car oil, pesticides, heavy metals. In addition, sewage sludge
containing high levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and micronutrients, sludge could
be considered a valuable organic fertilizer. Moreover, use of municipal sewage sludge as a
fertilizer in agriculture is the cheapest and most environmentally beneficial
of a convenient method of disposal. Since very little information is available
on the effectiveness and soil application of sewage sludge under Jordan
conditions and fair amount of information available concerning the use of sewage
sludge for enhance crop and soil productivity. Therefore green house experiment will be
conducted to evaluate the effect of the use of sewage sludge as fertilizer for
increasing soil fertility and crop production of grain and root crops (ex.
Barley and Potato). Determine the appropriate rate of application to the crops
grown in calcareous soil; and evaluate N, P and micronutrient/heavy metal
uptake from the sludge by crops grown in calcareous soils.
This project will be conducted
at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) research center. A randomized
complete block design with four replications of treatments will be used. The
following treatments will be investigated (Zero sludge application (control), 20, 40,
80, 160 T sludge/ha). And at the end of the experiment, soil and plant samples will be taken and
analyzed, soil samples will be analyzed for general characteristics such as (
pH, EC, CEC, O.M, CaCO3, N, P, K, Na, and texture). The sludge and
soil-sludge mixture will be analyzed for general chemical, physical and
microbiological characteristics. Plant tissue samples will also be taken at the
end of the growing season and will be analyzed for N, P, K, micronutrients and
heavy metals.
Results will be analyzed to
evaluate the translocation of heavy metals and other nutrients among the plant
parts.
9- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
The Association Between Pasteurella spp. and Oestrus
ovis Infection of Frontal Sinuses of Awassi Sheep in Northern Jordan
Babiker El-Hag Ali, Saeb El-Sukhon, and
Nareman Abu-Khail
Project No.: 1/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3800 JD
ABSTRACT
The study aims
to investigate the prevalence and causes of sinusitis among Awassi sheep in
Jordan and to find out the bacteriological / parasitological causes
correlation. Heads (120) of Awassi sheep slaughtered at the Irbid municipality
abattoir were surveyed. They were grossly examined for pathological changes.
For bacteriological examination, swabs from drilled sinuses were cultivated on
suitable bacteriological media. The skull cavities were thoroughly examined for
Oestrus ovis. The main bacterial cause of sinusitis among the examined
heads which is the Pasteurella spp. is currently examined ( in-vitro)
for its effect on the heavily observed Oestrus ovis. The obtained data
and results will be statistically analyzed.
Studies on the Sanitary Status of Cow Raw Milk Marketed in
Northern Jordan
Yasser Hamadeh Al-Tarazi, and Ahmad
Hasan Al-Zamil
Project No.: 15/2000 Amount
of Fund: 5550 JD
ABSTRACT
A total of 160
cow raw milk samples were collected from different dairy shops in Northern
Jordan. The samples were examined to determine the sanitary status as well as
the aerobic bacterial contents of the raw milk. Sanitary parameters examined
were pH, Titratable acidity, Clot on boiling, Methylene Blue Reduction Time and
Alcohol precipitation tests. The bacteriological examinations include; actual
aerobic bacterial count, Staphylococcal count, Enterococci count, Coliform
count and identification of some pathogenic microorganisms. Results of all the
tests were compared with the Jordanian standards. In addition, a questionnaire
related to the conditions of milk production and handling were asked to one
hundred dairy farmers and another questionnaire related to transportation and
marketing were also asked to one hundred dairy retailers. The results
demonstrated that the raw cow milk in Northern Jordan is produced and handled
under unhygienic conditions.
Pathological and Toxicological Studies of Imidacloprid Rats
and Rabbits: The Effect of Nigella sativa (Thymoquinone) Thereon
Nabil Q. Hailat, Hatim Elsheikh, and
Hiba Younis Al-Azzeh
Project No: 21/2000 Amount
of Found: 4300 JD
ABSTRACT
To investigate
the pathological and toxicological effect of Imidacloprid on rat and rabbits
and the effect of Nigella sativa active ingredient Thymoquinone thereon four
experiments were conducted. The first experiment was to find out the effect of
oral toxicity of Imidacloprid on rats at different doses and for different
periods. Clinical signs, biochemical parameters and histopathological findings
following the examination of the visceral organs were conducted. There were
mild toxicity signs in animals of highest two doses. Animals, which were given
Imidacloprid at different durations, showed signs of toxicity increased with
increasing the period of drug administration.
The second
experiment was conducted to study the dermal effect of Imidacloprid. It had no
irritating effect at the dose of 10 mg/kg for 21 days. The median lethal dose
(LD50) was determined at the third experiment, where it was 512.8
mg/kg b.wt in rats.
The fourth
experiment was to study the effect of Thymoquinone on the toxicity of
Imidacloprid. Thymoquinone resulted in no toxicological effect and it decreased
the toxic effect of Imidacloprid.
To study the
effects of Imidacloprid and Thymoquinone at the molecular level,
two-Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) and silver
staining was used to examine liver proteins. It can be concluded from these
studies that Imidacloprid is regarded as a moderate toxic chemical and
Thymoquinone has chemoprotective activity against Imidacloprid toxicity.
Isolation and Characterization of Common Eimeria Species of
Chicken in Jordan
Majed Al-Attar, Baha Latif, and Naouele
Azzaq
Project No.: 53/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2600 JD
ABSTRACT
Coccidiosis is
a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Eimeria, which parasitize the
intestinal mucosa of the chicken. This genus Eimeria is extremely host specific
and any species of them may be able to cause a problem for poultry producers if
present in large numbers. Some species tend to be more pathogenic, but all
species produce weight loss, increased feed conversion ratios, decreased egg
production and considerable mortality in severe infections.
The main
objectives of this research are the isolation and identification of Eimeria
species in Jordan. Isolated Eimeria species will be purified by single oocyst
isolation. Purified Eimeria oocysts will be then characterized by determining
their prepatent period, location and identification of their endogenous stages
by histological examination of intestinal tissue. Also, the size of oocysts and
the external and internal characteristics of oocysts will be determined as well
as their minimum sporulation time.
Analytic study on environmental, social, educational and
health status of camel owners in Jordan
Falah K. Al-Ani
Project No.: 70/2000 Amount
of Fund: 600 JD
ABSTRACT
Eighty percent
of Jordan is covered by desert and within these regions the camel is the most
adapted domesticated species. Camels possess a remarkable ability of utilize
nutrient from poor quality vegetation and to survive in hot dry conditions. The
nomadic Bedouins are the main people who take care of camels in the desert.
Very little date is available about the social, educational, and health status
of the Bedouins. Thus, the aim of the present study is to collect information
on Bedouins and their camels in different parts of Jordan. The study will focus
on the social life of camel owners, way of their life and finance. Also, a
special questioner was adopted to collect information of the use of camel milk
for prevention or treatment of certain diseases.
Sarcocystiosis in Camels (Camelus Dromedaries) in Jordan
B.A. Latif, and W.A. Khamas
Project No.: 97/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2900 JD
ABSTRACT
Sarcocystiosis
is a protozoal disease with worldwide distribution in man and animals.
Sarcocystiosis species are obligate two-host parasites, generally alternating
between a herbivorous intermediate host and a carnivorous definitive host. The
disease has been reported in camels in Egypt, Sudan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran
and Afghanistan. It was reported that camels were infected with both thin and
thick-walled cysts of Sarcocystis in camel.
The aim of this
study were to estimate 'the prevalence of Sarcocystis infection among camels in
Jordan with histopathological using both light as well as electron microscopy.
Oesophagus, heart, diaphragm, tongue, and skeletal muscles of 100-120 camels
will be examined by naked eye for macroscopic type. Also, 20 g of each
mentioned organs will be investigated by squeezing method for microscopic
cysts.
Further,
specimens will be prepared for light and electron microscopical examination
from infected organs using standard histological techniques.
Endocrinological Study on Subfertility in Awassi Rams in
Jordan
Mohammed Ababneh, Mustafa Husein, and
Hassan Al Omari
Project No.: 99/2000 Amount
of Fund: 7200 JD
ABSTRACT
A major cause
of subfertility in sheep flocks is actually the result of infertile rams.
Approximately 15-25 % of breeding rams has reduced fertility. Unfortunately,
subfertile rams are not identified until the end of the breeding season when an
exceptionally high percentage of ewes fail to become pregnant or become
pregnant at later stages. By this time, the subfertile rams have already caused
significant economic loss. This research proposal aims to:
-
Determine the endocrine profile in
normal and subfertile Awassi rams.
-
Investigate the correlation between
endocrine profile and semen quality in rams.
-
Develop an endocrine challenge test to
investigate subfertility in Awassi Rams.
Thus, hormonal
assays and semen quality evaluation will be investigated as means to assess
infertility in Awassi rams.
Studies on Experimentally Induced Septic Arthritis in Equine
Hussien M. El-Maghraby, Nabil Hailat,
and Hazem Al-Bwa'neh
Project No.: 103/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2500 JD
ABSTRACT
Experimental
septic arthritis will be induced in 10 animals (donkeys and horses) by
injecting the two radiocarpal joints by intra-articular injection of Staphylococcus
aureus saline suspension containing 2 x106 – 3 x
106 organism. All animals will be clinically assessed each day.
Synovial fluid analysis, culture and enzymatic analysis will be performed.
Synovial fluid specimens will be collected and analyzed. Synovial fluid
specimens will be cultured bacteriologically before inoculation and on days 0
and 21.
All the animals
will be treated with systemic phenylbutazone and gentamycin. The infected
joints will be classified randomly into four groups (5 joints in each group).
The first group will be treated surgically through arthrotomy of the infected
joint followed with lavage and application of plastic drain. Daily lavage will
be performed through the applied drain followed with the application of
bandage. The second group will be treated surgically by through and through
lavage and intravenous injection of sodium hyalouronate. The third group will
be treated by through-and-through lavage in combination with intra-articular
injection of sodium hyalouronate. The fourth group will not be given any other treatment
(control group). All the animals will be euthanatized on day 21. The infected
joints will be grossly examined. The articular cartilage as well as the
synovial membranes will be examined histopathologically.
Studies on the Combination of New Antibiotic Agents of the
Cephalosporines, Carbapenem and Quinolones Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria
Saeb El-Sukhon, Hatem El-Sheikh, and
Zineb Boukhatem
Project No.: 104/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3500 JD
ABSRACT
The project
aims to find out, in-vitro, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
of the cephalosporines, carbanapems and quinolones, the synergistic effect(s)
of the MIC(s)/ sub MIC(s) of two/three combinations of these antibiotics on
bacterial pathogenes commonly encountered in livestock/poultry diseases and
human infections. The test antibiotics will be obtained from well known
pharmaceutical companies. The used bacteria will be isolated from clinically
diseased cases beside reference bacterial strains. The checkerboard, fractional
maximal effect and the killing curve methods will be applied. Based on the
in-vitro obtained results, treatment of experimentally infected animals with
the effective antibiotics combination(s) will be conducted. The results will be
statistically analyzed. The main experiments will start in the first semester
2000/2001.
Prevalence of Trichomoniasis in Northern-Middle Parts of
Jordan
Mohammed Ababneh, Shawkat Lafi, and
Shaker Al Dohni
Project No.: 105/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
Tritrichomonas
foetus
is a common protozoan of cattle that typically causes asymptomatic infection in
bulls, and is associated with infertility, endometritis and abortion in cows.
Trichomoniasis is contagious sexually transmitted diseases. The disease is
widely distributed throughout the world causing major reproductive and economic
losses. Old husbandry techniques including natural mating, which is a currently
widely practiced technique in Jordanian farm accentuates the problems
associated with the disease. However, the existence of the disease in Jordan
has not been investigated. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate
the prevalence of T. foetus infection in bulls in dairy farm in the
northern-middle parts of Jordan.
Immune Response of Broiler Chickens to Newcastle Disease Vaccines
Majed A. Al-Attar, Mohanunad Q.
Al-Natour, and Ahmad 1. Al-Khaldi
Project No.: 138/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2900 JD
ABSTRACT
Newcastle
disease (ND) is a viral disease that affect domestic and free flying birds, it
is caused by an enveloped RNA virus, belonging to the family paramyxoviridae,
(PMV-1). Newcastle disease has been recognized as one of the most potent
disease of poultry. The disease is transmitted either by aerosol droplets that
are inhaled by susceptible birds or by ingestion. When birds became infected,
the virus replicates at the site of entry, usually at the conjunctiva,
respiratory or alimentary epithelial cells, followed by multiplication of virus
in many organs.
In Jordan,
although the disease is diagnosed by the presence of the typical clinical signs
and pathological lesions, to our knowledge no previous report has been done to
give clear picture about this disease regarding isolation, identification and
characterization of the causative agent as weft as the immune response of chicken
to vaccination program, therefore our research was done to secure the following
objective: evaluation of immune response of commercially reared broiler chicks
to commonly used Newcastle disease vaccines and Laboratory evaluation of immune
responses of broiler chicks to N.D. vaccines, using different vaccination
programs.
Field Investigation on Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) in
Broiler Chicks in Jordan
M. Q. Al-Natour, Babiker El Hag Ali,
and Hisham M. Al-Maa’itah
Project No.: 139/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3500 JD
ABSTRACT
Infectious
Bursal Disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive
disease of chicken caused by segmented RNA virus. It is of great economic
importance to the poultry industry all over the world. The virus affects mainly
the bursa of Fabricius causing atrophy of the bursa and sever deficiency of B
lymphocytes with increase in the susceptibility to other infections and
impairment of the immune response to vaccines. The virus is very resistant to
the environment and to routine disinfections. Currently in Jordan the disease
is only diagnosed on the base of clinical signs and routine PM examination. To
our Knowledge no previous studies were conducted to confirm IBD diagnosis in
Jordan. Therefore, we are interested in studying this disease in broiler flocks
utilizing some laboratory techniques such as AGPT, ELISA and Histopathology.
Blood Gas Parameters and Histological Changes of Genital,
Respiratory and Digestive Systems in Rat Exposed to Formalin Solution
Wael Khamas, Ahmed Elbeteiha, and
Osamah Al-Omari
Project No.: 145/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3000 JD
ABSTRACT
Formaldehyde is
a colorless highly reactive gas, with considerable toxic potentials. It is
introduced to a wide variety of industries, such as urea-formaldehyde insulation
foam, textiles, cosmetics, and food preservation. In a subchronic toxicity
study, formalin solution will be given ad lib. For 4 and 8 weeks, during such,
blood gas parameters (PCO2, PO2, HCO3, H2C03,
pH, H+) will be measured to evaluate the physiological and
physiopathological status of the pulmonary and circulatory systems. Also
histology of certain organs of the digestive and respiratory systems will be
examined by light and electron microscopy. On the other hand, we will study the
histological effect of single dose injection of buffered formalin solution on
the testis of the rat (unilaterally and bilaterally) after 4 and 8 weeks of
injection, and the resulted possible infertility or incapability of mating by
evaluation of sperm courts, mating experiments, and measurement of FSH, LH and
testosterone levels.
Epidemiological Studies on Foot and Mouth Disease in Sheep
in Jordan
Shawkat Lafi, Babker Haj Ali,
and Amer Saleh
Project No.: 158/2000 Amount of
Fund: 2950 JD
ABSTRACT
Foot and mouth disease is a
major animal disease problem having a large economic impact in Middle East
especially in Jordan. It is an acute, highly contagious infection of all
cloven-footed animals caused by aphthovirus which is characterized by fever,
vesicular eruption in the mouth and feet causing high moralities in young
animals. Although this disease is known to endemic in Jordan for many years, no
attempt has been made to study the extent and epidemiology of this infectious
disease in sheep. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of
FMD antibodies in sheep in northern Jordan, to detect FMD antibodies against
virus infection associated with antigen (VIAA) in sheep flocks in Jordan and to
carry out stereotyping of the positive sera, which are infection induced. Serum
samples will be collected from 50 sheep flocks in different areas of Northern
Jordan districts according to weighted distribution of sheep flocks in each
governorate.
Collected blood samples will be
transported to virology laboratory -immediately - where the serum will be
separated and clarified by centrifugations. Serum will be labeled and stored
at-20C until examination. Serum will be examined for detection of antibodies
against virus infection associated antigen (VIAA) by using immunodiffusion in agarose
gel method. All positive samples will be tested by liquid phase blocking ELISA
to determine their stereotypes.
Epidemiological and Microbiological Studies of Brucellosis
in Sheep in Northern Jordan
Shawkat Lafi, Yasser Al-Tarazi, and
Abeer Al-Talafha
Project No.: 174/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2000 JD
ABSTRACT
The aim of our
study is to assess the prevalence and incidence of seropositivity to brucella
and to identify and rank risk factors associated with the occurrence of
brucella infection in Awassi sheep in Northern Jordan. This study will be
designed as a combination of both a cross-sectional and longitudinal
prospective (Cohort) study. The multistage sampling method will be used to
select the 50 sheep flocks from the four governorates of Northern Jordan. The
number of flocks that will be selected in each governorate will be determined
according to weighted distribution of sheep flocks in each governorate.
Therefore, 16 flocks will be selected from Irbid governorate, 30 flocks from
Al- Mafraq governorate, 2 flocks from Jarash governorate and 2 flocks from
Ajloun governorate. Blood samples from 5-13% of each selected sheep flocks from
males and females over the age of 1 year will be collected randomly, labeled
and clotted under room temperature, then the sera will be separated, labeled
and will be freezed at -20 C° until it will
be subjected to the serological tests (Rose Bengal test and Enzyme- linked
immunosorbent assay). Also aborted feti will be subjected to bacteriological
examination and the risk factors for ovine brucellosis in Northern Jordan will
be evaluated.
Congenital Transmission of Trypanosoma Evansi in Laboratory
Animals
Baha M. A. Latif, Wael khamas, and
Salah Shuqran
Project No.: 175/2000 Amount
of Fund: 2500 JD
ABSTRACT
Trypanosoma
evansi infection constitute a major problem among camels, horses and sheep in
tropical and subtropical countries. Intrautrine transmission of trypanosomes in
domestic animals has been reported by many investigators. In this study
Trypanosoma evansi will be isolated from naturally infected camel and
maintained in the laboratory by serial passage in mice. Fifteen pregnant
females mice, rats and rabbits will be infected intraperitoneally with 105,
5 x 105 and 106 Trypanosoma evansi respectively. Three
animals from each species will served as control group. Detection of infection
will be carried out by wet film and thin blood smears. Five animals from each
species and one of the control will be sacrificed at midterm and at the end of
gestation period and seven days postpartum. Samples of placenta, fetal
membranes, and uterus will be collected, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin
solution for histological examination.
Bacterial Causes of Neonatal Mortality in Lambs and Kids in
Northern Jordan
Labib Sharif, Falah Al-Ani, and Ja'far
Obeidat
Project No.: 176/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3500 JD
ABSTRACT
Neonatal
mortality in lambs and kids is a serious problem in Jordan. The bacterial cause
is going to be investigated. A total of 50 flocks will be selected to identify
risk factors associated with the lambs and kids neonatal mortality. Information
about vaccination and management will be collected from the two groups to
identify the risk factors associated with the neonatal mortality. All samples
submitted will be subjected to bacterial isolation.
Bacterial Causes of Airsacculitis of Broiler Chicken in
Northern and Middle of Jordan with Reference to Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale
Majed AI-Attar, Saeb El-Sukhon, and
Asad Musa
Project No.: 205/2000 Amount
of Fund: 3200 JD
ABSTRACT
Respiratory
infections are very common in chickens all over the world, and in Jordan. In
broiler they are accompanied by heavy economic losses due to
increased mortality, medication cost, and condemnation rate. Several pathogens like Escherichia coli (E- coli),
Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale(ORT),
mycoplasma and respiratory viruses are incriminated as
possible cause of such diseases, either alone, or in synergy. Non infectious
factors, like overcrowding and bad ventilation may initiate or
aggravate respiratory diseases. The study will be conducted on broiler farms in
the northern and middle sector of Jordan. Samples will be
collected from sick birds suffering from respiratory infection. Swab samples
from the internal organ like the lung and airsac will be bacteriologically
examined The isolated bacteria will be identified according to morphology,
biochemical reactions as well as using
serological tests. ORT is newly recognized in poultry and little information
is known concerning its Pathogenicity. Therefore the Pathogenicity
of this microorganism will be determined by experimental inoculation of
chicken using different routes of infection. Also the susceptibility
of the isolated bacteria will be tested to the commonly used antibiotic
like:- Tetracycline, ampicillin, amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin,
furazildon, colisin, flemquin and erythromycin.
Titles of Funded Research
During the Year 1999
|
Faculty of
Engineering |
|
|
F. Abdulla and M. Al-Khatib, " Development
of a groundwater model for the two upper aquifers (shallow and middle) of the
Azraq basin " (JD 626) . |
1 |
|
N. Akhras and B. Alfoul, " Pozzolanic
reactivity of wheat husk ash concrete " (JD 850). |
2 |
|
R. Haddad and A. Ashteyat, " Bonds loss
between corroded reinforcement and fiber reinforced concrete”. (JD 2650). |
3 |
|
M. Allawzi and A. Qazaq, "
Investigating the formulation and emulsion stability of some pesticide
solutions " (JD 2800). |
4 |
|
N. Khader, " An aeroelastic
stability study for a wing-pylon-tilt rotor system in hover " (Publication
Support). |
5 |
|
L. Zeatoun, " Oil-shale extraction by polyaphron
method " (JD 2000). |
6 |
|
F. Abu-Al-Rub and H. Ghanem, "
Investigation of the effects of pressure and inorganic salts on the
vapor-liquid equilibrium of industrially important binary systems " (JD
3350). |
7 |
|
F. Banat, R. Jumah and M. H. Gharaibeh, "
Desalination by solar-aided membrane distillation " (JD 4300). |
8 |
|
R. Jumah, R. Shaker and A. F. El-Zraiy, "
Manufacturing of Jameed using spray drying process" (JD 1500). |
9 |
|
B. Tashtoush and A. Haiagneh, " Development
of air-conditioning systems on the basis of combined evaporative water and
air coolers " (JD 2000). |
10 |
|
N. Abu-Obeid, " Cognition
of architectural environments: the cases of wayfinging, from perception and
social behavior " (JD 2400). |
11 |
|
R. Haddad and M. Smadi, " Arresting
alkali-silica reaction cracks in concrete using fiber reinforcement "
(JD 4800). |
12 |
|
F. Abdulla, " Effects of climate change on the water
resources of Zarqa river basin (Jordan) (JD 1000). |
13 |
|
N. Akhras and A. Malkawi, " Behavior of
soils reinforced with short discrete randomly distributed fibers " (JD
2050). |
14 |
|
M. Naji, " Thermal and residual stress analysis in
a brake system " (JD 1000). |
15 |
|
M. Hader, " Study of fluid and heat transfer
associated with motion of particles in thermal plasma " (JD 1000). |
16 |
|
M. Al-Salameh, "
Self-adaptive finite elements modeling for microwave and optical applications
" (JD 1500). |
17 |
|
B. Tashtoush, M. Tahat and M. Shdeifat, " Performance
characteristics of some selected refrigerant mixtures to replace R12 "
(JD 2000). |
18 |
|
A. Malkawi and F. Abdulla, " Development
of a regional seismic model for predicting earthquake design magnitudes
employing Gumble mixed distribution " (JD 1200). |
19 |
|
A. Alawneh, O. Nusier and N. Akhras, "
Physico-chemical changes of clayey soil behavior induced by addition of
superplasticizer and fly ash " (JD 2250). |
20 |
|
F. Malkawi and I. Al-Qudat, " The social
production of form: An analytical study of the impact of the "Social
Words" on contemporary house architecture in Irbid " (JD 2900). |
21 |
|
M. Hayajneh and A. Hassan, " Effect of
microstructure of different materials on the tool wear and the quality of
finished surfaces in machining " (JD 1700). |
22 |
|
A. Harb, " The effect of subsynchronous resonance
in electrical power systems " (JD 1100). |
23 |
|
N. Akhras and M. Smadi, " Properties
of rubber-ash and olive-waste-ash modified concrete under normal,
freeze/thaw, and autoclaving conditions " (JD 2200). |
24 |
|
R. Haddad and K. Numayr, " Effect of
durability produced cracks on the bond strength between reinforcing steel and
concrete: Alkali-silica reaction and thawing effects " (JD 5700). |
25 |
|
F. Malkawi, " Imported versus exported urbanism: The
case of Jordan " (JD 2500). |
26 |
|
S. Abu-Qudais and N. Akhras, " Modeling of
salt diffusion into Portland cement concrete " (JD 2280). |
27 |
|
J. Amayreh, N. Al-Abed, Jamal Abu-Ashour and
N. Karam, " Effect of light screening on plant growth and
productivity " (JD 4700). |
28 |
|
M. Al-Sheriadeh, Z. Rawajfih and E. Abadi, "
Vulnerability of soil at Jordan University of Science & Technology campus
to salinity build up by irrigation with reclaimed wastewater " (JD
2400). |
29 |
|
مجد الحمود " إنشاء متحف
صحراوي للحيوانات البرية في مركز برنامج البادية/الصفاوي " ( 1000 د0أ)0 |
30 |
|
S. Abo-Qudais, " Using
municipal solid waste ash in hot-mix asphalt " (JD 2500). |
31 |
|
I. Al-Hashimi, A. Al-Azzawi and F. Malkawi, " The
development of a GIS model for predicting urban growth in the City of Irbid
" (JD 10,300). |
32 |
|
M. Abu-Zreig, " The use of
pitcher irrigation in Jordan " (JD 4300). |
33 |
|
K. Numayr and R. Haddad, " Modeling
local buckling of delaminated beams made of composite materials " (JD
1350). |
34 |
|
N. Abu-Hamdeh, J. Amayreh, F. Ahmed, A. Khdair
and M. Al-Widyan, " The economics of mechanical weed control vs. chemical
weed control in soybeans under different tillage systems and irrigation
regimes " (JD 2000). |
35 |
|
M. Kandah and B. Abu-Jdayil, " Removal of
heavy metals from waste effluents using treated old automobile tires "
(JD 3800). |
36 |
|
B. Al-Omari and H. Al-Masaeid, " The
consequences of using unwarranted traffic signals in Jordan " (JD 1750). |
37 |
|
M. Al-Widyan, N. Abu-Hamdeh, H. Al-Jalil and A.
Khdair, " Optimum formation of densified olive cake for durability
and combustion " (JD 3900). |
38 |
|
J. Amayreh, F. Ahmed and N. Abu-Hamdeh, "
Investigating the effect of mulch type on beans growth and development under
trickle irrigation with different irrigation regimes " (JD 1500). |
39 |
|
B. Abu-Jdayil and R. Shaker, "
Rheological behavior of milk-starch-sugar systems " (JD 1050). |
40 |
|
M. Alkam, " Basic and applied research on
high-speed thermal spray application/detonation gun (DGUN) simulation ". |
41 |
|
N. Al-Abed and J. Amayreh, " The use of
artificial neural networks in modeling potential evaportranspiration "
(JD 3000). |
42 |
|
S. Al-Asheh and F. Banat, " Separation
of azeotropic mixture using biological materials " (JD 2150). |
43 |
|
خالد الزعبي " المـوازنة الأردنيـة بيـن الاعتمـاد على الـذات والاعتمـاد
علـى المسـاعدات الخـارجية دراسـه
تحليلـية مقارنـة للسـنوات 1980- 1988 " (د0أ0 500) 0 |
44 |
|
R. Haddad and K. Hanoon, " Behavior
for fiber reinforced concrete as subjected to thermal cycling " (JD
3700). |
45 |
|
B. Abu-Hdayil, H. Qiblawey and M. Al-Khateeb, " Batch
crystallization of potash: estimation of kinetic parameters " (JD 6500). |
46 |
|
F. Abu-Rub and I. AlRefae, " Effect of
inorganic salts on vapor - liquid equilibrium of selected close - boiling
point binary systems " (JD 1600). |
47 |
|
N. Abdel-Jabbar, S. Al-Asheh and B. Hader, " Modeling,
parametric estimation and sensitivity analysis of biological packed-bed
adsorption columns (JD 2400). |
48 |
|
H. Allaboun and A. Tamimi, " Sweetening
of risha natural gas using alkanolamines " (JD 8500). |
49 |
|
H. Qiblawey and B. Abu-Jdayil, " Separation
of para-xylence from isomers mixture via crystallization " (JD 5300). |
50 |
|
N. Abu-Obeid and R. Hassan, " A
perceptual analysis of structures aesthetics " (JD 4600). |
51 |
|
M. Shannag, S. Barakat and F. Jaber, " Structural
behavior of retrofitted shear-deficient reinforced concrete beams " (JD
5300). |
52 |
|
M. Shannag, S. Barakat and M. Ibrahim, " Structural
seismic behavior of retrofitted beam-column R.C. joint " (JD 4700). |
53 |
|
F. Malkawi and F. Al-Tammoni, " The
evaluation of HUDC projects in terms of preferences " (JD 2600). |
54 |
|
Faculty of
Medicine |
|
|
R. Batshoun, F. Zayed and S. Al-Nimri, " Role of
local immunological factors in unexplained infertility in women in the northern
part of Jordan " (JD 2100). |
1 |
|
A. Al-Hader, N. Bashir, N. Dahabreh and S.
Al-Kolak, " Anti-Glutamic acid decorboxylase in the prediction of
IDDM " (JD 3500). |
2 |
|
R. Batshon, A. Daoud and A. Kevorkian, "
Determination of the prevalence of fungus allergy for cases of respiratory
allergic diseases reported to Hospitals & Clinics in the Northern Part of
Jordan " (JD 2900). |
3 |
|
J. Merei, A. Elbetieha and D. Al-Tamimi, " Vascular
anomalies adriamycin animal model " (JD 2900). |
4 |
|
H. Al-Rimawi, " The effect
of Desferrioxamine in acute haemolytic anaemia of glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase deficiency " (Publication Support). |
5 |
|
A. Saadeh, " Complications of organophosphate and
carbamate poisoning " (JD 2000). |
6 |
|
M. Fora, " Type of antibodies in transfused thalassemic
patients " (JD 3500). |
7 |
|
D. Chowdhury and N. Al-Basher, " Factors for
contraceptive discontinuation among clients attending rural MCH centers in
Irbid Governorate " (JD 2200). |
8 |
|
Fayig El-Migdadi and E. Abed, " A
comparative study of renin-aldosterone system between people residing at low
altitude (Jordan Valley) and those living at an average altitude (Irbid City)
" (JD 6400). |
9 |
|
A. Abu-Heija and E. El-Sunna, " Neural tube
defects in patients delivered at the Princess Badeea Teaching Hospital in north
Jordan " (JD 1000). |
10 |
|
J. Merei, " Embryology of duodenal atresia "
(JD 4500). |
11 |
|
F. Migdadi, M. Nusier, Z. El-Akawi, N. Bashir
and A. Shoter, " Neonatal screening for kinase hemolytic anemia in Jordan
" (JD 3000). |
12 |
|
M. Al-Aboosi, D. Todd, A. Abu-Ikhail and M.
Khdour, " Electron microscopy studies in ichthyosis, epidermolysis
bullosa and pigmentary disorders " (JD 1500). |
13 |
|
R. Yaghan, T. Al-Jaberi and N. Al-Masri, "
Population-broad study of breast cancer " (JD 21300). |
14 |
|
T. Al-Jaberi, R. Yaghan and N. Al-Masri, " A
population-broad study of colorectal cancer in Egypt, Jordan and Palestine
" (JD 21300). |
15 |
|
S. Khatib, " Effect of preconditioning on key
glycohytic enzymes activity " (JD 2000). |
16 |
|
H. Al-Chalabi, E. Sunna, A. Abu-Heija, L.
Badria and F. Zayed, " Meconium stained amniotic fluid in term pregnancies in
princess badeea hospital " (JD 2000). |
17 |
|
N. Almasri, A. Abalkhail and H. Zahawi, " The
epidemiology of breast cancer in northern Jordan: correlation of estrogen
receptors, progesterone receptors and here-2/neu expression with known
clinicopathological prognostic factors and a comparison with breast cancer in
the west " (JD 10,000). |
18 |
|
J. Merei, A. Elbetieha and M. Al-Qudah, " Renal
anomalies in prenatally adriamycin-exposed rat fetuses" (JD 6100). |
19 |
|
F. Zayed, " Outcome of stimulated in vitro
fertilisation using clomiophene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin, in
different infertility group," (Publication Support). |
20 |
|
A. Askari, A.Daoud and R. Batshoun, "
Characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosis in northern Jordan " (JD
3900). |
21 |
|
J. Merei, " Vascular anomalies in the VATER animal
model " (JD 2000). |
22 |
|
K. Kakish, " Prevalence of clinical sinusitis in
young and school children visiting primary care pediatric clinics " (JD
2000). |
23 |
|
F. Abu-Ekteish, M. Malkawi and H. Rimawi, " Pulmonary
function tests in thalassemic children " (JD 5000). |
24 |
|
إبراهيم
الخطيب وسعد حجازي " التغـذية في البادية الأردنية الشـمالية
" (5600 د0أ0) 0 |
25 |
|
I. Al-Awwa and Y. Matani, " The role of
thiazide diuretics in the management of nocturnal enuresis " (JD 1500). |
26 |
|
M. Rawashdeh, S. Hijazi, N. Al-Bashir and M.
Al-Barqawi, " Intermittent iron supplementation in children with iron
dificiency anemia " (JD 5000). |
27 |
|
I. Khatib and S. Hijazi, " Nutritional
status and growth percentiles of disadvantaged Jordanian school children
" (JD 11000). |
28 |
|
T. Mahafza, A. Batiha, " Prevalence
of otitis media with effusion among children aged 2-6 years in north Jordan
" (JD 3600). |
29 |
|
J. Al-Alami, F. Al-Jalad and N. Saad Al-Deen, " Comparison
of cervical and urine specimens for the detection of chlamydia trachomatis
using PCR, LCR. And comparison of wet mount and PCR methods for the
trichomonas vaginalis, and determining their incidences in Jordan " (JD
7650). |
30 |
|
J. Al-Alami, S. Al-Safi, A. El-Shorman and M.
Al-Zoubi, " Simple diagnostic test for severe combined immune
deficiency due to adenine deaminase deficiency in Jordan babies " (JD
4700). |
31 |
|
A. Al-Hader, S. Ziadeh and H. Yahya, " Correlation
of cord blood hormones binding proteins and metabolic products with fetal
birthweight " (JD 5200). |
32 |
|
J. Al-Alami, N. Abuharfeil, K. Bani Hani K.
Abdul-Aziz, " The relationship between food-cobalamin malabsorption and
chronic atrophic gastritis caused by helicobacter phylori " (JD 7700). |
33 |
|
J. Al-Alami, Z. El-Akawi, F. Al-Jalad and A.
Elayan, " The correlation between homocysteine and unexplained
recurrent abortion " (JD 4700). |
34 |
|
K. Bani Hani and S. Hamouri, "
Helicobuctor pylori in north of Jordan " (JD 4600). |
35 |
|
Faculty of
Dentistry |
|
|
H. Hammad, E. Roweily, S. Al-Jitawi, M.
Habashneh and M. Al-Abbadi, "Establishing a database for oral and
maxillofacial pathology in Jordan as a whole and in the north of Jordan
" (JD 2300). |
1 |
|
A. Al-Wahadni, " Periodontal
disease and smoking in young adults in Jordan " (JD 2200). |
2 |
|
A. Al-Hiyasat, "The
prevalence of tooth wear in Jordanian industrial workers " (JD 9800). |
3 |
|
A. Al-Hiyasat, A. Elbetieha and H. Darmani, " Effects of
resin - based composites used in restorative dentistry on fertility of male
and female rats " (JD 5500). |
4 |
Faculty of
Pharmacy |
|
|
A. Obaidat and R. Obaidat, " Development
and characterization of release dosage form of tramadol " (JD 1600). |
1 |
|
N. Najib and A. Ismail, " Solubility
enhancement of nimodipine " (JD 1000). |
2 |
|
M. Sheikh Salem, N. Najib and M. Ali, "
Optimization of mixing time of some lubricants in the formulation of compressed
tablets " (JD 1000). |
3 |
|
N.Najib, A. Ali and A. Abu-Mhhadi, " Formulation
and evaluation of clindamycin sustained release matrix tablets " (JD
2500). |
4 |
|
N. Najib and Z. Al-Qashi, " Correlation
between in vitro dissolution, in vivo biavailability of glibenclamide
dispersed in gelucire and filled into hard gelatin capsules " (JD 2000). |
5 |
|
N. Najib, A. Obaidat and L. Rashdan, " Mechanism
of release of water soluble drugs from hydrophilic matrices containing sodium
carboxymethlcellulose & methylcellulose " (JD 1800). |
6 |
|
M. Hassan and M. Sheikh Salem, " Kinetics of
tenoxican photodegradation and isolation of the degradotion product "
(JD 3000). |
7 |
|
N. Najib, A. Obaidat and S. Matalqah, " Improvement
of chemical stability of famotidine in acidic solution by complexation with
B-cyclodextrins " (JD 2700). |
8 |
|
N. Idkaidek,N. Najib,M. Sheikh Salem, " Estimation
of diclofenac sodium intestinal permeability in human " (JD 5500). |
9 |
|
J. Al-Jilani, N. Edkadek and A. Shatnawi, " Evaluation
of lydroxy ethyl diclofenac as possible prodrug of diclofenac for topical
preperation " (JD 1650). |
10 |
|
M. Al-Mahmoud and A. Alkofahi, " Isolation
and characterization of bioactive components from salvadora persica L "
(JD 4000). |
11 |
|
K. Alkamis, N. Najib and R. Massadeh, " The application
of different techniques for improving the solubility of norethisterone
acetate starting with polymorphism " (JD 4500). |
12 |
|
J. Jilani, " Design and evaluation of aspirin
prodrug " (JD 1300). |
13 |
|
K. Alkhamis, N. Najeeb and W. Obeidat, " An in vitro
study of the interaction between chitosan and several pharmaceutical drugs
" (JD 7800). |
14 |
|
H. Tumah, " Susceptibility testing of antimicrobial
agents and combination " (JD 2800). |
15 |
|
N. Najib, " The effect of food and some
physicochemical properties of drugs on their absorption from the GIT "
(JD 3000). |
16 |
|
S. Saq'an, "Study of the ion selective conduction in
PEO and PVC 50% composite" (JD 2200). |
17 |
|
S. Assaf, N. Najib and R. Al-Rossan, " Development
and evaluation of triprolidine topical drug delivery system " (JD 3700). |
18 |
|
N. Idkaidek, J. Al-Jilani and S. Abu-Rahma, " Evaluation
of hydroxy ethyl diclofenac topical formulations " (JD 2550). |
19 |
|
N. Idkaidek, J. Al-Jilani and E. Mansi, " Evaluation
of hydroxy ethyl diclofenac prodrug oral absorption " (JD 3100). |
20 |
|
A. Obaidat and S. Abu baker, " The effect
of surface active agents on the solubility of nimodipine (JD 4100). |
21 |
|
A. Obaidat, B. Al-Taani and R. Al-Sheyab, " Release
of tramadol HCL from swellable and erodible polymers " (JD 2600) |
22 |
|
Obaidat and R. Al-Eid, " Controlled
release of dextromethorphan from solid dispersions prepared with eudragit RS
and RL " (JD 1800). |
23 |
|
A. Albsoul, " Modulation / growth of brain neurons
activity by substance P " (JD 10100) |
24 |
|
A. Obaidat, M. Sheik Salem and S. Joudeh, " Release of low
molecular weight compound through sodium alginate film " (JD1000). |
25 |
|
Faculty of Science
& Arts |
|
|
N. Abuharfeil, M. Hassoneh, A. Daod and S.
Sa’d Al Deen, " Effect of oral ingestion of nigella sativa seed and oil
on some parameters of the immune response of chicken " (JD 500). |
1 |
|
N. Abuharfeil and E. Sarsour, " The effect
of food preservative sodium nitrite on some parameters of the immune system
of mice " (JD 500). |
2 |
|
N. Al-Rawashdeh and S. Ameen, "
Preparation and study of mixed-Lig-and osmium (II) complexes for
photocatalytic splitting of water by solar radiation " ( JD 3500). |
3 |
|
I. Arafa and H. Amarneh, " Synthesis
and characterization of a series of metallapolycarbosilazanes; precursors for
new organometallic fibers and bulk materials " (JD 4500). |
4 |
|
R. Atmeh and A. Odeh, " In vitro
studies on the high density lipoproteins: interconversions and measurement of
the net negative charge on the small particles {Mr 43.000-70.000amu} "
(JD 3300). |
5 |
|
Z. Mustafa, " None-Courseware factors involved
in using multimedia in foreign language instruction " ( JD 1500). |
6 |
|
K. Asali and H. Janaidah, " Preparation
and characterization of anionic monodentate and bidentate chelated group IVB
metal carbonyl complexes with potential catalytic activity " (JD 4300). |
7 |
|
R.Atmeh and M. Al-Khatib, " Isolation
and purification of albumin aggregates and study of some of its
characteristics " (JD 1800). |
8 |
|
I. Saadun, F. Al-Momani and M. Obeidat, " Bacillus
thuringiensis strains isolated from northern Jordanian habitats and their
insecticidal activity " (JD 3500). |
9 |
|
S. Al-Safi, " Effects of purine & purine
nuceosides on the inhibitory action of 6-mercaptiopurine on human cultured
leukaemic, cells " (JD 5000). |
10 |
|
K. Al-Hami, " Point evaluation for pt (m)" (JD 500). |
11 |
|
A. El-Rjoob, J. Malkawi and M. Al-Ebous, "
Spectroscopic and electrochemical investigation of azithromycin interaction
with biometals " (JD 4100). |
12 |
|
Y. Tahboub and B. Al-Maythalony, "
Quantitative evaluation of endogenous compounds that affect liquid
chromatographic quantitation of drugs in serum " (JD 3500). |
13 |
|
M. Hammouri and M. Battaineh, " A potential
chemical indicator from pheasants eye plant & other minerals colored
complexes " (JD 3800). |
14 |
|
L. Nimri and l. El-Khatib, " Early
diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis by nested polymerase chain reaction
assay " (JD 5800). |
15 |
|
N. Al-Said, Z. Fataftah and D. Al-Ensawi, " Synthesis
and reactions of silicon tethered oximes " (JD 4900). |
16 |
|
N. Al-Bashir and A. Abu-Hadwan, " Prevalence
of factor V: Q506 in leiden factor V that causes protein C resistance in
thromboembolic patients " (JD 3000). |
17 |
|
A. Al-Ajlouni, "
Environmentally safe bleaching by H2O2 catalyzed by
rhenium and manganese compounds " (JD 5850). |
18 |
|
N. Al-Bashir, " DNA
extraction from blood, kit development, and production of antibodies against
DNA for clinical diagnosis " (JD 7000). |
19 |
|
I.Saadoun and A. El-Betieha, " Mutagenic
activity of four insecticides commonly used in Jordan and their effects in
fertility " (JD 2550). |
20 |
|
E. Malkawi, " FCNC and zero momentum transfer physics
as a probe to the symmetry-breaking mechanism " (JD 1500). |
21 |
|
K. Hameed, I. Saadoun and I. Ibrahim, " Biological
degradation of plastic by microorganisms isolated from Jordanian Habitats
" (JD 6300). |
22 |
|
I. Saadoun and K. Hameed, " Isolation
and characterization of microorganisms adapted to petroleum oil polluted soil
in Jordan " (JD 2700). |
23 |
|
J. Malkawi, A. El-Rjoob and R. Samahan, "
Investigation of the function of the conformational shifts of heme proteins
and enzymes " (JD 5500). |
24 |
|
A.
Elbetieha, M. Al-Mahmoud and R. Al-Muhur, " Effect of various ruta
graveolens L. (Faijin) extracts on fertility, reproduction and sexual
maturation of male and female rate " (JD 3000). |
25 |
|
K. Hameed, I. Saadoun and W. Sharadqah, " Lignin
biodegradation during the process of biological conversion of olive puple
(Jift) " (JD 7000). |
26 |
|
K. Shawakfeh, A. Ajlouni and A. Ibdah, " Synthesis
and kinetic study of new dimeric steroids " (JD 4000). |
27 |
|
M. Meqdam, H. Malkawi and A. Shudaifat, " Prevalence
and characteristics of rotaviruses group a gastroenteritis in hospitalized
children in Irbid, Jordan " (JD 8600). |
28 |
|
Z. Amr and M. Al-Sorakhy, " Helminthic
parasites (trematodes and cestodes) in amphibians of Jordan " (JD 3000). |
29 |
|
ليلى النمري، ريمون بطشون، زياد الناصر، محمد طعمه، إسماعيل
السعدون وممدوح المقدم " دراسة شاملة للإحياء الدقيقة المسببة
للإمراض المعدية في بيئة البادية " )25050 د0أ0) 0 |
30 |
|
خالد
الهزايمة وعدنان عبيدات " التوقيعات: جمع وتحقيق ودراسة " (2600 د0أ0)0 |
31 |
|
سهيل خصاونه " الصــراعات
النفسيـة فــي المقامــات الأصفهـانيه " ( 1200 د0أ0)0 |
32 |
|
عيسى عزام " ألاسعار في مصر خلال العصر الفاطمي " (1200 د0أ0)0 |
33 |
|
S. Samarah, " Non-linear approximation with gabor
atoms " (JD 1200). |
34 |
|
محمد الخطـيب، إبراهيم
جـبريل وهشام محمد
بركات " تحضير مركبات الحديد الكبريتية المحتوية على مجموعة
الفسفور الثنائية " (5000 د0أ0)0 |
35 |
|
N. Al-Rawashdeh, I. Al-Momani and A. Dawoud, " Study of
the inclusion complexes of some drugs with cyclodextrins in aqueous solution
" (JD 4200). |
36 |
|
محمد بسام
البيطار, عبد القادر معايطة ورامي عبد المجيد عبد الرحيم " دراسة الخصائص الفيزيائية لمخاليط
مختاره من المواد الفعـالة السـطحية وتبـيان تأثير مـواد المسـاعده والأمـلاح
على هذه الخصائص " ( 4600 د0أ0)0 |
37 |
|
محمود عبيدات " أختبار مستوى لغوي "للطلبة المقبولين في جامعة العلوم
والتكنولوجيا الأردنية في ضوء مختبر اللغة العربية ع 103 " (1400 د0أ0) 0 |
38 |
|
إسماعيل
سعدون، فؤاد المومني وأحمد الكوفحي " تنوع الأحياء
الدقيقة في منطقة برنامج بحث وتطوير البادية (محور البكتيريا) " ( 8260
د0أ0)0 |
39 |
|
خالد حميد،
هاني غوشه، هايل الشناق وعباس الجمالي " تنوع الأحياء
الدقيقة في البيئة، محور النباتات الزهرية " (9900 د0أ0) 0 |
40 |
|
W. Owais, " Molecular assessment of p53
abnormalities in Jordanian smokers and passive smokers " (JD 6600). |
41 |
|
H. Darmani. A. Al-Hiyasat and A. Elbetieha, " Effects of
meswak on fertility of male and female rats " (JD 2600). |
42 |
|
A. Gharaibeh, "
Single-source precurors of group III/V compound semi-conductors " (JD
7000). |
43 |
|
M. Fares, " Studies on the kinetics of the
copolymerisation of acrylonitrile with styrene in the presence of metal
halides " (JD 4100). |
44 |
|
M. Al-Smadi, " Synthesis
and crosslinking of a new photoresist polymers " (JD 6100). |
45 |
|
F. Al-Smady, " The
effect of presentation modality on judgment of honesty & attractiveness
social behavior & personality " (Publication Support). |
46 |
|
I. Saadoun, " Genetic determinates of active
antibiotic-producing soil streptomycetes " (Publication Support). |
47 |
|
I. Arafa and M. Al-Atrash, " Synthetic
modification of aliphatic and aromatic polyamides, nylon with organosilane derivatives
" (JD 4100). |
48 |
|
I. Arafa, H. Ghanem and R. Al-Shalabi, " Synthesis,
characterization and electrical conductivity of mixed valence
metallopolycarbosilazane: A new class of low- dimensional metallopolyme (JD
4600). |
49 |
|
A. Al-Ajlouni, K. Shawakfeh and R. Rijjal, " Kinetics
and mechanistic investigation of oxidation of biological active reductants
with peroxynitrite (JD 4500). |
50 |
|
N. Bashir, A. Bateiha, and N. Malhi, " Effect
of lead on serum mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes and protein of rat liver
and kidney (JD 9100). |
51 |
|
M. Meqdam, A. Al-Shurman and M. Khaloussi, " Prevalence
of viral meningitis among children hospitalized at Princess Rahma
Hospital-Irbid, Jordan " (JD 6350). |
52 |
|
I. Saadoun and J. Amer, " Diagnostic
use of polymerase chain reaction for detection of pneumocystis carinii and
mycobacterium tuberculosis in cases of pulmonary infections " (JD 7000). |
53 |
|
K. Hameed, M. Al-Turk and A. Aqeel, " Nutritional
status of several legumes and gramineane plants grown in soil supplemented
with olive mills by-products " (JD 3800). |
54 |
|
M. El-Khateeb, " Preparation
and substitution reactions of Cp'Fe(CO)2SS(O)2R.(Cp'=C5H5,But-C5H4,
1,3-(But)2 C5H3 " (JD
4700). |
55 |
|
M. Hasan, M. Al-Akhras, B. Albiss and I.
Al-Omari, " Flux pinning mechanisms in type-II superconductors "
(JD 2500). |
56 |
|
S. Al-Safi, B. Tashtoush, H. Al-Makrebi and D.
Ibrahim, " Prevention of allogenic skin grafts by transdermal
azathioprine " (JD 4450). |
57 |
|
Faculty of
Agriculture |
|
|
M. Rusan and S. Zuraiki, " Studying
nitrogen and water balance and use efficiency during nitrogen fertigation of
garlic using the nuclear technologies " (JD 3800). |
1 |
|
Z. Rawajfih and S. Khresat, " Phosphorus
availability in soils of northern Jordan in relation to soil properties and
the Pretention characteristics of these soils " (JD 2100). |
2 |
|
R. Shibli and M. Rusan, " Evaluation
of iron nutrition and iron chlorosis in higher plants during in vitro
propagation " (JD 2900). |
3 |
|
S. Khresat, Z. Rawajfih and M. Rusan, " Mineralogy
of cracking soils (Vertisols) in northern Jordan " (JD 3600). |
4 |
|
K. Ereifej, " Electrophoretic study of caseing
breakdown during ripening and storage of labaneh, cheese and yogurt made
goat's milk " (JD 1650). |
5 |
|
N. Al-Beitawi, " Effect of
some Antibiotics interaction with anticoccidial compounds on the growth and
carcase composition of large white turkeys " (JD 16,990). |
6 |
|
H. Ghosheh and E. Alhasan, " Efficiency
of broomrape (orobanche spp.) control methods and their influence on faba
beans (vicia faba) growth and yield " ( JD 1700 ). |
7 |
|
N. Karam and M. Al-Salem, " Propagation
of arbutus and rachne L. (oriental strawberry tree) " (JD 1400). |
8 |
|
M. Ajlouni and A. Al-Ghzawi, "
Inheritance and association of grain filling rate in wheat crosses ) "
(JD 1700). |
9 |
|
R. Shibli and K. Al-Sane’a," Factors
affecting callusing, cell suspension culture, and production of secondary
metabolites in african violet (saintaulia ionata L.) " (JD 1800) |
10 |
|
G. Al-Karaki, A. Fardous and M. Bakr, " Response of
cucumber cultivars to salt stress at seedling and adult stages of growth
" (JD 2500). |
11 |
|
G. Al-Karaki and N. Abu-Qubah, " Influence
of mycorrhizal fungi and water stress on growth and yield of two onion
cultivars " (JD 4600). |
12 |
|
G. Al-Karaki, R. Shibli, M. Ajlouni and A.
Abu-Ein, " Salt responses of callus and whole-plant of durum wheat
" (JD 1300). |
13 |
|
S. Khresat, M. Rusan and Z. Rawajfih, " Land
degradation in northwestern Jordan: causes and processes " (JD 1400). |
14 |
|
L. Rousan, " Adoption of new agricultural
technologies by onion producers in northern Jordan " (JD 2300). |
15 |
|
M. Turk and K. Ereifej, " Lathyrus
and vicia species as food and feed: levels of antinutritional agents "
(JD 2150). |
16 |
|
K. Ereifej, " Chemical and processing characteristics
of exotic okra cultivars (hibiscus esculentus) as related to a local cultivar
grown under Jordanian conditions " (JD 3000). |
17 |
|
G. Al-Karaki and K. Ereifij, " Association
between grain chemical composition and yield in durum wheat " (JD 1300). |
18 |
|
S. Janakat, A. Sallal and S. Al-Fakheri, " Effect of
truffle extract on staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa "
(JD 9500). |
19 |
|
M. Ajlouni, H. Malkawi and R. Shibli, " A rapid
diagnosis of date palm (phoenix dactylefera) sex and genetic stability by the
use of DNA finger printing " (JD 2000). |
20 |
|
M. Rusan, A. Fardous and A. Al-Hammouri, " Fertilizer
use efficiency under vegetable-drip-fertigation systems " (JD 8500). |
21 |
|
M. Beni-Domi and R Kridli, "
Transcerviced artificial insemination of awassi ewes for fall lambing "
(JD 4180). |
22 |
|
S. Ibrahim and M. Muwalla, " Factors
affecting lactation performances of awassi sheep " (JD 2500). |
23 |
|
G. Al-Karaki, "
Germination, potassium and calcium contents of barley seeds as influenced by
salt stress " (JD 1500). |
24 |
|
K. Ereifej, " Toward food tables: comparison of
selected Jordanian cereals and legumes composition with the FAO and north
african tables for use in the middle east " (JD 2500). |
25 |
|
S. Janakat and H. Al-Merie, " The effect
of three aqueous plant extracts on liver function and bilirubin level in the
rat " (JD 6200). |
26 |
|
عبدالله يوسف،
سعد إبراهيم ورامي الكريدلي " إستخدام الهرمونات في رفع نسبة
الخصوبة في الأغنام " (10000 د0أ0) |
27 |
|
M. Rusan, A. Battikhi, D. Badarneh and J.
Tawalbeh, " Enhancement of nitrogen and water use efficiency by
optimizing the combination of soil, crop and nitrogen management " (JD
4100). |
28 |
|
A. Al-Jamali, S. Janakat and R. Tawalbeh, "
Polygalacturonase in ripe and overripe tomatoes with a view to its use in
increasing extracted olive oil " (JD 8520). |
29 |
|
H. Ghosheh and H. Shannag, " Influence
of weed and aphid (aphis faba) interactions on faba bean (vicia faba) growth
and yield " (JD 7000). |
30 |
|
K. Hameed, R. Shibli and K. Al-Shawawreh, " Effect to
trichoderma biological control products on growth and productivity of tomato
" (JD 4000). |
31 |
|
M. Al-Ajlouni, R. Shibli and Z. AlAjlouni, " Callus and
in vitro regeneration systems in barley (hordeum vullgare): influence of
genotype " (JD 2500). |
32 |
|
H. Ghosheh, " Effect of clipping on wall barley
(hordeum murinum L.): tillering and forage production " (Publication
Support). |
33 |
|
S. Haddad, R. Kridli and M. Muwalla, " Evaluation
of soybean and wheat been proteins for finishing awassi lambs as compared
urea " (JD 2500). |
34 |
|
A. Al-Jamali and M. Turk, " Effect of
Salt ethephon application on yield and yield components of barley under
rainfed conditions " (JD 1500). |
35 |
|
رياض شاكر " إنشاء مصنع للألبان " (80000 د0أ0) 0 |
36 |
|
سناء جنكات " التغذية في البادية الأردنية الشمالية " (5000 د0أ0) 0 |
37 |
|
غازي الكركي، منير الروسان
وأحمد عقله " تنوع الأحياء الدقـيقة في البيئة، محور التداخل
ما بين الأحـياء الدقيـقة والنبـاتات والعوامـل البيئية " (6200 د0أ0) 0 |
38 |
|
R. Al-Tahhan, " Isolation
and characterization of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria in Jordanian soils
" (JD 6500). |
39 |
|
H. Ghosheh and N. Al-Hajaj, " Influence
of a barley-fallow and primary tillage on weed interference and seed bank
" (JD 2600). |
40 |
|
M. Beni-Domi, " Cyclic
patterns of awassi ewes treated with either naturally occurring synthetic
progesterone " (JD 4200). |
41 |
|
نواف فريحات وهايل الشناق " خطة مقترحة
لإنشاء بستان نموذجي في جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا الأردنية " (د0أ0 8000) 0 |
42 |
|
S. Qusus, and A. Mansour, " Response of
tomato (Lycopersicon Esulentum Mill) genotypes to tomato yellow leaf curl
virus (TYLCV) infection " (JD 4200). |
43 |
|
M. Russan, R. Shibli and S. Shiyab, " Influence
of salt stress on vitro growth and nurtient uptake of sour orange ( Citrus
Aurantium L.) " (JD 6450). |
44 |
|
N. Karam, R. Shibli and S. Ababneh, "
Cryopreservation of sour orange ( Citrus Aurantium L. ) and bitter almond (
Amygdalus Communis L. ) " (JD 2000). |
45 |
|
S. Haddad, " Optimum forage to concentrate ratio for
finishing awassi lambs " (JD 5000). |
46 |
|
Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine |
|
|
A. Al-Darraji, S. El-Sukhon and E. Hailat, " Etiological
and pathological studies of the ovine liver (JD 1500). |
1 |
|
N. Hailat, A. Al-Darraji and A. Al-Shorman, " Detection
of certain veterinary growth Hormone residues in fresh and frozen local and
imported beef meat by the use of ELISA " (JD 5400). |
2 |
|
F. Shidaifat, W. Khamas and M. Mosa, " Effect of
neurotransmitters on the angularis and facial veins of the sheep " (JD
3900). |
3 |
|
N. Hailat, A. Al-Darraji and W. Hananeh, " Prevalence,
gross and microscopic lesions, and molecular studies of sheep pulmonary
adenomatosis in awassi sheep in Jordan " (JD 2600). |
4 |
|
M. Abo-Shehada, N. Abuharfeil and U. Sayed, " A
comparison between two serological tests for toxocara canis infection "
(JD 2300). |
5 |
|
M. Abo-shehada, N. Abuharfeil and M.
Al-Shaweish, " Acquired immune response to cryptosporidium infection in
sheep " (JD 3250). |
6 |
|
S. Lafi and A. Ijaz, " Puerperium
clinical and sub-clinical mastitis in primiparous awassi sheep in Jordan
" (JD 2300). |
7 |
|
K. Al-Qudah, " The status
of antioxidant defense system in domesticated animals in Jordan " (JD
4500). |
8 |
|
B. El-Hag Ali and M. Al-Natour, " The
antigentic and pathotype characterization of newcastle disease virus (NDV)
strains and other myxoviruses after their isolation from birds in Jordan
" (JD 4700). |
9 |
|
O. Alpan, S. Lafi, K. Qudah and A. Ijaz, "
Identification and remedies of constraints in dairy herd health and
productivity in Jordan " (JD 3600). |
10 |
|
S. El-Sukhon, M. Abo-Shehada and T. Omar, " Studies
on the association between the pasteurella species and the lungworm
infections among sheep in Jordan " (JD 1500). |
11 |
|
M. Al-Natour, M. Abo-Shehada and M. Suleiman, " Studies on
broiler coccidiosis and efficacy of some anticoccidial drugs on eimeria
tenella infection in Jordan " (JD 8200). |
12 |
|
M. Abo-Shehada, N. Abuharfeil and T.
Al-Batineh, " Prevalence of specific myiasis among goats in northern
Jordan " (JD 2200). |
13 |
|
H. El-Maghraby and A. Rawashdeh, " Some
studies on ocular affections in equines in Jordan with special reference to
keratitis " (JD 4000). |
14 |
|
W. Khamas, A. Bateaha and E. Al-Bakhit, " Effect of
trigonella foenum graecum and artemisia herba alba on blood glucose level and
histology of certain organs in normal and alloxan treated rabbits " (JD
3250). |
15 |
|
H. Elsheikh, Y. Al-Tarazi and S. El-Sukhon, " Effect of
the site of injection on the bioavailability of some antimicrobial agent used
against camel pneumonia " (JD 5700). |
16 |
|
A. Ijaz and M. Abou-El-Roos, " Development
of a semen production unit and artificial insemination (AI) services in
Jordan " (JD 90,000). |
17 |
|
F. Shidaifat, N. Hailat and W. Khamas, " Inhibin
and activin regulation of folliculogenesis in sheep " (JD 10,000). |
18 |